Diferencia entre revisiones de «Misil aire-aire»
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Deshecha la edición 31385848 de Jumentodonordeste (disc.) |
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* [[A-Darter (missile)|A-Darter]] — short range IR (con Sudáfrica)[http://www.segurancaedefesa.com/A-Darter.html] |
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* [[Mectron MAA-1B Piranha]] Misil infrarrojo de corto alcance[http://www.aereo.jor.br/2008/11/06/iae-faz-ensaio-do-missil-maa-1b-piranha-ii/] |
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=== {{bandera2|China}} === |
=== {{bandera2|China}} === |
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*[[PL-1]] — PRC version of the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[Kaliningrad K-5]] (AA-1 Alkali), retired. |
*[[PL-1]] — PRC version of the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[Kaliningrad K-5]] (AA-1 Alkali), retired. |
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=== {{bandera2|Sudáfrica}} === |
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*[[A-Darter (missile)|A-Darter]] — short range IR |
*[[A-Darter (missile)|A-Darter]] — short range IR |
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*[[R-Darter (missile)|R-Darter]] — beyond visual range (BVR) radar-guided missile |
*[[R-Darter (missile)|R-Darter]] — beyond visual range (BVR) radar-guided missile |
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Revisión del 20:57 11 nov 2009
Un misil aire-aire (en inglés: air-to-air missile, abreviado AAM) es un misil que se dispara desde una aeronave con el propósito de destruir a otra aeronave. Los misiles aire-aire son propulsados por un o más motores cohete, normalmente de combustible sólido pero a veces de combustible líquido. Los motores de tipo estatorreactor, como los usados en el misil MBDA Meteor actualmente en desarrollo, están surgiendo como propulsores para futuros misiles de medio alcance para mantener una velocidad media elevada.
Los misiles aire-aire están ampliamente agrupados en misiles de corto alcance, también llamados “dogfight” o “dentro del alcance visual” (WVR), y misiles de medio o largo alcance, "más allá del alcance visual" (BVR). Los misiles de corto alcance tienden a usar guía por infrarrojos, mientras que los misiles de medio y largo alcance cuentan con algún tipo de guía por radar (y algunas veces guiado inercial).
Lista de misiles por país
For each missile, short notes are given, including an indication of its range and guidance mechanism.
Alemania
- Ruhrstahl X-4 — World War II design, first practical anti-aircraft missile, MCLOS, never saw service
- Henschel Hs 298 — World War II design, MCLOS, never saw service
- IRIS-T
Brasil
- Mectron MAA-1 Piranha — misil infrarrojo de corto alcance
China
- PL-1 — PRC version of the Soviet Kaliningrad K-5 (AA-1 Alkali), retired.
- PL-2 — PRC version of the Soviet Vympel K-13 (AA-2 Atoll), which was based on AIM-9B Sidewinder. [1] Retired & replaced by PL-5 in PLAAF service.
- PL-3 — updated version of the PL-2, did not enter service.
- PL-5 — updated version of the PL-2, known versions include: [2]
- PL-5A — semi-active radar-homing AAM intended to replace the PL-2, did not enter service. Resembles AIM-9G in appearance.
- PL-5B — IR version, entered service in 1990s to replace the PL-2 SRAAM. Limited off-boresight
- PL-5C — Improved version comparable to AIM-9H or AIM-9L in performance
- PL-5E — All-aspect attack version, resembles AIM-9P in appearance.
- PL-7 — PRC version of the IR-homing French R550 Magic AAM, did not enter service. [3]
- PL-8 — PRC version of the Israeli Rafael Python 3 [4]
- PL-9 — short range IR guided missile, marketed for export. One known improved version (PL-9C). [5]
- PL-10 — semi-active radar-homing medium-range missile based on the HQ-61 SAM, [6] often confused with PL-11. Did not enter service.
- PL-11 — medium-range air-to-air missile (MRAAM), based on the HQ-61C & Italian Aspide (AIM-7) technology. Limited service with J-8-B/D/H fighters. Known versions include: [7]
- PL-11 — MRAAM with semi-active radar homing, based on the HQ-61C SAM and Aspide seeker technology, exported as FD-60 [8]
- PL-11A — Improved PL-11 with increased range, warhead, and more effective seeker. The new seeker only requires fire-control radar guidance during the terminal stage, providing a basic LOAL (lock-on after launch) capability.
- PL-11B — Also known as PL-11 AMR, improved PL-11 with AMR-1 active radar-homing seeker.
- LY-60 — PL-11 adopted for navy ships for air-defense, sold to Pakistan but does not appear to be in service with the Chinese Navy. [9]
- PL-12 (SD-10) — medium-range active radar missile [10]
- TY-90 — light IR-homing air-to-air missile designed for helicopters [11]
Estados Unidos
- AIM-4 Falcon — radar (later IR) guided
- AIM-7 Sparrow — medium range semi-active radar
- AIM-9 Sidewinder — short range IR
- AIM-54 Phoenix — long range, semi-active and active radar
- AIM-120 AMRAAM — medium range, active radar; replaces AIM-7 Sparrow
Plantilla:Geodatos Europa
- MBDA Meteor — medium range, active radar homing; design to replace AMRAAM
- IRIS-T — short range infrared homing; replacement for AIM-9 Sidewinder
Francia
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- Matra R550 Magic — short-range, IR guided
- Matra Magic II — IR guided missile.
- Magic Super 530F/Super 530D — medium-range, radar-guided
- MBDA MICA — medium-range, IR or radar guided
India
- Astra missile BVRAAM
Irán
- Fatter — copia del misil estadounidense AIM-9 Sidewinder[1]
- Sedjil — copia del misil estadounidense MIM-23 Hawk, convertido para ser lanzado desde aviones[2]
Irak
- Al Humurrabi — Long range, semi active radar
Israel
- Rafael Shafrir — first Israeli domestic AAM
- Rafael Shafrir 2 — improved Shafrir missile
- Rafael Python 3 — medium range IR-homing missile with all aspect capability [12]
- Rafael Python 4 — medium range IR-homing missile with HMS-guidance capability [13]
- Rafael Python 5 — improved Python 4 with electro-optical imaging seeker [14]
- Rafael Derby — Also known as the Alto, this is a medium-range, BVR active radar-homing missile [15]
Italia
- Alenia Aspide — Italian manufactured version of the AIM-7 Sparrow, based on the AIM-7E.
Japón
- AAM-3 — short-range Type 90 air-to-air missile
- AAM-4 — middle-range Type 99 air-to-air missile
- AAM-5 — short-range Type 04 air-to-air missile
Pakistán
- Sarab 1 — Pakistani version of Matra Magic Missile, Short Range Missile Project Cancelled due to unsatisfactory results.
- H-2 BVR-AAM Infrared radar guided missile, developed by National Engineering and Scientific Commission (NESCOM)
- H-4 BVR-AAM Active radar-guided beyond visual range missile,developed by National Engineering and Scientific Commission (NESCOM)
Rusia
- Kaliningrad K-5 (designación OTAN: AA-1 'Alkali') — beam-riding
- Vympel K-13 (designación OTAN: AA-2 'Atoll') — corto alcance IR o SARH
- Kaliningrad K-8 (designación OTAN: AA-3 'Anab') — IR o SARH
- Raduga K-9 (designación OTAN: AA-4 'Awl') — IR o SARH
- Bisnovat R-4 (designación OTAN: AA-5 'Ash') — IR o SARH
- Bisnovat R-40 (designación OTAN: AA-6 'Acrid') — largo alcance IR o SARH
- Vympel R-23 (designación OTAN: AA-7 'Apex') — medio alcance SARAH o IR
- Molniya R-60 (designación OTAN: AA-8 'Aphid') — corto alcance IR
- Vympel R-33 (designación OTAN: AA-9 'Amos') — largo alcance radar activo
- Vympel R-27 (designación OTAN: AA-10 'Alamo') — medio alcance SARH o IR
- Vympel R-73 (designación OTAN: AA-11 'Archer') — corto alcance IR
- Vympel R-77 (designación OTAN: AA-12 'Adder') — medio alcance radar activo
- Vympel R-37 (designación OTAN: AA-X-13 'Arrow') — largo alcance SARH o radar activo
- Novator KS-172 AAM-L — largo alcance extremo, navegación inercial con radar activo para búsqueda terminal.
Sudáfrica
República de China
- Sky Sword I (TC-1) — air-to-air
- Sky Sword II (TC-2) — air-to-air
Reino Unido
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- Fireflash — short range beam-riding
- Firestreak — short range IR
- Red Top — short range IR
- Skyflash — medium-range radar-guided missile based on the AIM-7E2, said to have quick warm-up times of 1 to 2 seconds.
- AIM-132 ASRAAM — short range IR
Véase también
Referencias
- Esta obra contiene una traducción derivada de «Air-to-air missile» de Wikipedia en inglés, publicada por sus editores bajo la Licencia de documentación libre de GNU y la Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.