Anexo:Gobernantes de Damasco

Esta es una lista de gobernantes de Damasco desde la antigüedad hasta el presente.

Canaán

• Uz ben Shem (c. 2500 BC)
• Biryawaza (siglo XIV a. C.)

Aram-Damasco

• Rezón I (c. 950 a. C.)
• Tabrimon
• Ben-Hadad I (c. 885 a. C.-c. 865 a. C.)
• Hadadezer (c. 865 a. C.-c. 842 a. C.)
• Hazael (c. 842 a. C.-c. 804 a. C.)
• Ben-Hadad III (c. 796 a. C.)
• Tab-El (c. 770 a. C.)
• Rezón II (c. 740 a. C.-732 a. C.)

Período de no independencia

• ante Asiria (732 a. C.-609 a. C.)
  • Ilu-Ittia (c. siglo VIII a. C.)
• ante Babilonia (609 a. C.-539 a. C.)
• ante el Imperio aqueménida persa (539 a. C.-332 a. C.)
• ante Macedonia (332 a. C.-323 a. C.)
• ante los Antigónidas (323 a. C.-301 a. C.)
• ante el Reino Ptolemaico (301 a. C.-198 a. C.)
• ante los Seléucidas (198 a. C.-167 a. C.)
• ante Iturea (167 a. C.-110 a. C.) (semi-independiente de los seléucidas)
• ante la Decápolis (110 a. C.-85 a. C.) (semi-independiente de los seléucidas)
• ante el Reino nabateo (85 a. C.-64 a. C.)
• ante la República romana/Imperio romano/Imperio bizantino (64 a. C.-635)
  • ante los Gasánidas (529-584;¿? -635)

Califas ortodoxos

• Jálid ibn al-Walid (635-636)
• Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah (636-637)
• Amr ibn al-As (637-640)
• Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan (640)
• Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyán (640-661)

Califas omeyas

• Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyán (661-680)
• Yazid I ibn Muawiyah (680-683)
• Muawiya II ibn Yazid (683-684)
• Marwán I ibn Hakam (684-685)
• Abd al-Málik (685-705)
• Walid I ibn Abd al-Málik (705-715
• Suleimán I ibn Abd al-Málik (715-717)
• Úmar II (717-720)
• Yazid II ibn Abd al-Malik (720-724)
• Hisham ibn Abd al-Málik (724-743)
• Walid II ibn Yazid II (743-744)
• Yazid III ibn al-Walid (744)
• Ibrahim ibn Al-Walid ibn al-Walid (744)
• Marwan II ibn Muhammad (gobernó desde Harrán en Jazira, 744-750)

Emires abasidas

• Abdallah ibn Ali (750-754)
• Salih ibn Ali (754)
• Abd al-Wahhab ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Abbasi(754-764)
• Al-Fadl ibn Salih (766-775)
• Abu Ja'far Harun al-Rashid (783-786)
• Ibrahim ibn as-Salih ibn Ali (791-793)
• Musa ibn Yahya al-Barmaki (793-794)
• Abd al-Malik ibn Salih (794-797)
• Ja'far ibn Yahya (797-803)
• Shu'ayb ibn Khazim (803-804)
• Yahya ibn Mu'adh ibn Muslim (806-808)
• Abd al-Malik ibn Salih (810-811)
• Sulayman ibn al-Mansur (811-815)
• Tahir ibn al-Husein (815-821)
• Abdallah ibn Tahir (821-822)
• Abu Ishaq Muhammad ibn Harun al-Rashid (828-829)
• al-Abbas ibn al-Ma'mun (829-833)
• 'Ali ibn Ishaq (833-841)
• Rija ibn Ayyub al-Hadari (841-847)
• Malik ibn Sauq al-Taglibi (847-850)
• Ibrahim al-Muyad ibn Mutawakkil (850-855)
• al-Fath ibn Hakan al-Turki (856-861)
• 'Isa ibn Muhammad ibn al-Shayh (861-864)
• Isa ibn Muhammad al-Nawshari(c. 866)
• Isa ibn al-Shaykh al-Shaybani, gobernador rebelde (c. 867-870)
• Amajur al-Turki (870-878)
• 'Ali ibn Amajur al-Turki (878)
• to Tulunid Egypt (877-896)
• Tughj ibn Juff (896-905)
• Ahmad ibn Kayghalagh (905-906)
• al-Rashidi (928-931)
• Muhammad ibn Tughj (931–935)
• ante los Ijshídidas de Egipto (935-969), excepto:
  • Muhammad Ibn Ra'iq (939-942)
  • Muhammad ibn Yazdad al-Shahrzuri (943-945)
  • Sayf al-Dawla (brevemente entre 945 y 947)

Emires fatimíes

• Abu Ali Ja'far ibn Fallah al-Kutami (970-971)

Ocupación Cármata de Damasco

• Zalim ibn Mauhab al-Ukayli (973-974)
• Jaysh ibn Muhammad (974)
• Rayn al-Mu'izzi (974)
• Alptakin al-Mu'izzi (975-978)
• Qassam al-Turab (978-983)

Recuperación fatimí de Damasco

• Baltakin al-Turki (983)
• Bakjur (983-991)
• Ya'qub al-Siqlabi (991)
• Manjutakin (993-996)
• Sulayman ibn Fallah (996)
• Bishara al-Ikhshidi (997-998)
• Jaysh ibn Muhammad (998-1000)
• Sulayman ibn Fallah (1000-1002)
• Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn Jafar (1002-1004)
• Abu Salih Muflih al-Lihyani (1004-1009)
• Hamid ibn Mulham (1009)
• Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1010-1011)
• Badr al-Attar (1011-1012)
• Abu Abdallah al-Muzahhir (1012-1014)
• Abd ar-Rahman ibn Ilyas (1015-1021)
• Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1021-1023)
• Shihab ad-Dawlah Shah Tegin (1023-1024)
• Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1024-1028)
• Anushtakin ad-Dizbari (1028-1041)
• Nasir ad-Dawlah al-Hamdani (1041-1048)
• Baha ad-Dawlah Takiq al-Saklabi (1048-1049)
• Rifq al-Khadim (1049)
• Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawlah (1049-1058)
• Makin ad-Dawlah Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn 'Ali (1058)
• Nasir ad-Dawlah al-Hamdani (1058-1060)
• Sebuq Tegin (1060)
• Muwaffaq ad-Dawlah Jauhar al-Mustansiri (1060-1061)
• Hasam ad-Dawlah ibn al-Bachinaki (1061)
• Uddat ad-Dawlah ibn al-Husein (1061)
• Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawla (1061-1063)
• Badr al-Jamali (1063)
• Hisn ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Mansur (1063-1067)
• Qutb ad-Din Baris Tegin (1068-1069)
• Hisn ad-Dawlah Mualla al-Kitami (1069-1071)
• Zain ad-Dawlah Intisar ibn Yahya al-Masmudi (1075-1076)

Emires selyúcidas

• Atsiz ibn Abaq (1076-1079)
• Tutush I (1079-1095)
• Duqaq, hijo de Tutush I (1095-1104)
• Tutush II, hijo de Duqaq (1104)
• Irtash, hijo de Tutush I (1104)

Emires buríes

• Toghtekin (1104-1128)
• Taj al-Muluk Buri (1128-1132)
• Shams al-Mulk Isma'il (1132-1135)
• Shihab ad-Din Mahmud (1135-1139)
• Jamal ad-Din Muhammad (1139-1140)
• Mu'in ad-Din Unur (Regent, 1140-1149)
• Mujir ad-Din Abaq (1140-1154)

Atabegs zanguíes

• Nur al-Din (1154-1174)
• As-Salih Ismail al-Malik (1174)

Emires ayubíes (algunos fueron sultanes de Egipto)

• Saladino (1174-1186)
• Al-Afdal (1186-1196), hijo de Saladino
• Al-Adil I (1196-1218)
• Al-Mu'azzam (1218-1227)
• An-Nasir Dawud (1227-1229)
• Al-Ashraf (1229-1237)
• As-Salih Ismail (1237)
• Al-Kamil (1237-1238)
• Al-Adil II (1238-1239)
• As-Salih Ayyub (1239)
• As-Salih Ismail (1239-1245)
• As-Salih Ayyub (1245-1249)
• Turanshah (1249-1250)
• An-Nasir Yusuf (1250-1260)

Naibs mamelucos

• Sanjar as-Salihi (agosto de 1260 - octubre de 1260)​
• Taybars al-Waziri (octubre de 1260-1264)​
• Aqush as-Salihi (1264-)​
• Sunqur al-Ashqar (1275-1280)
• Lajin al-Ashqar (1280-¿?)
• Aqush Bey (c. 1290s)
• Izz ad-Din Aybak (¿?-1296)
• Shuja ad-Din Adirlu (1296-1297)
• Sayf ad-Din Kipchak (1297-1312)
• Sayf ad-Din Tanqiz as-Nasiri (1312-1340)
• Yilbugha an-Nasiri (1340-1350)
• Sayf ad-Din Manjak (1350)
• Tash Timur (c. 1380)
• Yilbugha al-Nasiri (?-1393)
• Sayf ad-Din Tanibak (1393-1399)
• Sudun (1399-1400)
• occupied by Timur (1400-1401)
• Taghribirdi az-Zahiri (1401-¿?)
• Kijmas (c. 1470s)
• Ghazali Arab (c. siglo XVI)
• Sibai (c. siglo XVI)​
• Shihab ad-Din Ahmad (1516-1517)
• Janbirdi al-Ghazali (1518-1521)

Valíes otomanos

• Yunus Pasha (c. 1516)
• Janbirdi al-Ghazali (1518-1521)
• Ayas Mehmed Pasha (1521-1522)
• Ferhad Pasha (1522-1523)
• Hurram Pasha (1523-1525)
• Sulayman Pasha al-Tawashi (1525-1526)
• Lutf Pasha (1526-1528)
• Isa Bey Pasha Chenderli (1528-1531)
• Mustafa Ablaq Pasha (1531-1534)
• Lutf Pasha (1534-1535)
• Isa Bey Pasha Chenderli (1535)
• Muhammad Kuzal Pasha (1536-1537)
• Topal Sulayman Pasha (1537-1538)
• Ahmed Pasha I (1538-1539)
• Qese Husrau Pasha (1539-1541)
• Isa Pasha (1541-1543)
• Piri Pasha (1543-1545)
• Hadim Sinan Pasha (1545-1550)
• Piri Pasha (1550-1551)
• Muhammad Pasha Bartaki (1551-1552)
• Şemsi Pasha (1552-1555)
• Hizr Pasha (1555-1561)
• Ali Pasha Lankun (1561-1563)
• Khusrau Pasha I (1563)
• Lala Mustafa Pasha (1563-1569)
• Murad Pasha Shaitan (1569)
• Ali Pasha Lankun (1569-1570)
• Haji Ahmed Pasha (1570-1571)
• Lala Jafar Pasha (1574-1575)
• Murad Pasha (1575-1577)
• Sokulluzade Hasan Pasha (1577-1581)
• Bahram Pasha (1581-1582)
• Hüseyin Pasha Boljanić (1582-1583)
• Sokulluzade Hasan Pasha (1583)
• Qubad Sulayman Pasha (1584)
• Sokulluzade Hasan Pasha (1585-1586)
• Üveys Pasha (1586-1587)
• Muhammad Pasha Farhad (1587-1588)
• Üveys Pasha (1588-1589)
• Elwanzade Ali Pasha (1589-1590)
• Koca Sinan Pasha (1590)
• Sokulluzade Hasan Pasha (1590-1591)
• Mustafa Pasha I (1591-1592)
• Khalil Pasha (1592-1593)
• Qachirji Mohammad Pasha (1593-1594)
• Sokulluzade Hasan Pasha (1594)
• Murad Pasha (1594-1595)
• Khusrau Pasha II (1595-1596)
• Razia Hutunzade Mustafa Pasha (1596-1597)
• Yusuf Sinan Pasha (1597-1598)
• Ahmed Pasha II (1598)
• Ahmed Pasha III (1598)
• Khusrau Pasha II (1599)
• Emir Mehmed Pasha (1599-1600)
• Osman Pasha (1601-1603)
• Farhad Pasha Bustanji (1603-1604)
• Mustafa Pasha II (1604-1607)
• Mahmud Pasha (1607-1608)
• Sufi Sinan Pasha (1608-1609)
• Ahmad al-Hafiz (1609-1615)
• Silihdar Mehmed Pasha (1615-1618)
• Ahmad al-Hafiz (1618-1619)
• Mustafa Pasha III (1619-1620)
• Sulayman Pasha I (1620-1621)
• Murtaza Pasha Bustanji (1621-1622)
• Mehmed Pasha Rushand (1622-1623)
• Mustafa Pasha al-Hannaq (1623-1624)
• Nigdeli Mustafa Pasha (1624-1625)
• Gurju Mehmed Pasha I (1625-1626)
• Tayar Oglu Mehmed Pasha (1626-1628)
• Küçük Ahmed Pasha (1628-1629)
• Mustafa Pasha IV (1629-1630)
• Nawaya Mehmed Pasha (1630-1631)
• Ilyas Pasha (1632-1633)
• Deli Yusuf Pasha (1633-1635)
• Küçük Ahmed Pasha (1635-1636)
• Dervish Mehmed Pasha (1636-1638)
• Mustafa Pasha IV (1638-1639)
• Chifteli Othman Pasha (1639-1640)
• Mehmed Pasha I (1640-1641)
• Serji Ahmed Pasha (1641-1642)
• Melik Ahmed Pasha (1642-1643)
• Sultanzade Mehmed Pasha (1643)
• Silihdar Yusuf Pasha (1643-1644)
• Gurju Mehmed Pasha II (1644-1645)
• Ibrahim Pasha I (1645)
• Mehmed Pasha Salami (1645-1646)
• Gürcê Mehmed (1646)
• Silahdar Yusuf Pasha (1646-1647)
• Sufi Murteza Pasha (1647)
• Sofu Mehmed Pasha (1648)
• Ibşir Mustafa Pasha (1649)
• Mehmed Pasha II (1649-1650)
• Silahdar Murtaza Pasha (1650)
• Sivaslı Mustafa Pasha (1650)
• Haseki Mehmed Pasha (1650-1652)
• Defterzade Mehmed Pasha (1653-1655)
• Kara Murat Pasha (1655; murió antes de asumir el cargo)
• Haseki Mehmed Pasha (1656)
• Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha (1659-1661)
• Sulayman Pasha II (1661-1663)
• Ribleli Mustafa Pasha (1663-1665)
• Salih Pasha I (1665-1666)
• Qara Mustafa Pasha (1666-1667)
• Mehmed Pasha Chewish Oglu (1667-1669)
• Ibrahim Pasha Shaytan (1669-1671)
• Abazekh Husein Pasha (1671-1672)
• Qara Mehmed Pasha (1672-1673)
• Ibrahim Pasha Shushman (1673-1674)
• Qer Husein Pasha (1674-1675)
• Ibrahim Pasha II (1675-1676)
• Bosniak Osman Pasha (1676-1679)
• Abazekh Husein Pasha (1679-1683)
• Ibrahim Pasha III (1684)
• Bosniak Osman Pasha (1684-1685)
• Kaplan Pasha (1686-1687)
• Arap Salih Pasha (1687-1688)
• Hamza Pasha (1688-1689)
• Bozoklu Mustafa Pasha (1690)
• Murtaza Pasha (1690-1691)
• Gurju Mehmed Pasha III (1691-1692)
• Çelebi Ismail Pasha (1692-1693)
• Ibshir Mustafa Pasha (1693-1694)
• Silihdar Osman Pasha (1695-1696)
• Silihdar Buuqli Mustafa Pasha (1696-1697)
• Ahmad Pasha Hacigirai (1697-1698)
• Silihdar Husein Pasha (1699)
• Silihdar Hasan Pasha (1700)
• Arslan Mehmed Pasha Matracyoghlu (1701)
• Salih Agha (1702)
• Mehmed Pasha Kurd-Bayram (1702-1703)
• Osman Pasha Arnavud (1703)
• Arslan Mehmed Pasha Matracyoghlu (1703-1704)
• Defterdar Mustafa Pasha (1704)
• Firari Hüseyin Pasha (1704-1705)
• Mehmed Pasha Kurd-Bayram (1705-1706)
• Baltaci Süleyman Pasha (1706-1707)
• Yusuf Pasha Qapudan (1707-1708)
• Nasuh Pasha al-Aydini (1708-1712)
• Jarkas Muhammad Pasha (1713-1715)
• Tubal Yusuf Pasha (1715-1716)
• Ibrahim Pasha Qapudan (1716)
• Recep Pasha (1716)
• Nevşehirli Damat Ibrahim Pasha (1716-1717)
• Abdullah Pasha Köprülü (1716-1717)
• Rajab Pasha (1717-1718)
• Uthman Pasha Abu Tawq (1719-1721)
• Ali Pasha Maqtul (1721-1722)
• Uthman Pasha Abu Tawq (1723-1725)
• Ismail Pasha al-Azm (1725-1730)
• Abdullah Pasha al-Aydinli (1731-1734)
• Sulayman Pasha al-Azm (1734-1738)
• Husayn Pasha al-Bustanji (1738)
• Uthman Pasha al-Muhassil (1739-1740)
• Ali Pasha Abu Qili (1740)
• Sulayman Pasha al-Azm (1741-1743)
• As'ad Pasha al-Azm (1743-1757)
• Husayn Pasha ibn Makki (1757)
• Abdullah Pasha al-Jatahji (1757-1759)
• Muhammad Pasha al-Shalik (1759-1760)
• Uthman Pasha al-Kurji (1760-1771)
• Muhammad Pasha al-Azm (1771-1772)
• Hafiz Mustafa Pasha Bustanji (1773-1783)
• Mehmed Pasha al-Kurji (1783)
• Darwish Pasha al-Kurji (1783-1784)
• Ahmad Pasha al-Jazzar (1784-1786)
• Husayn Pasha Battal (1786-1787)
• Abdi Pasha (1787-1788)
• Ibrahim Pasha al-Halabi (1788-1789)
• Ahmad Pasha al-Jazzar (1790-1795)
• Abdullah Pasha al-Azm (1795-1798)
• Ahmad Pasha al-Jazzar (1798-1799)
• Abdullah Pasha al-Azm (1799-1803)
• Ahmad Pasha al-Jazzar (1803-1804)
• Abdullah Pasha al-Azm (1804-807)
• Kunj Yusuf Pasha (1807-1810)
• Sulayman Pasha al-Adil (1810-1812)​
• Silahdar Süleyman Pasha (febrero de 1812-mayo de 1816)​
• Sulayman Pasha al-Adil (1816; ínterin o interín)
• Hafiz Amasyali Ali Pasha (1816-marzo de 1817)
• Salih Pasha (marzo 1817-1817)
• Izmirli Süleyman Pasha (1817-1819)
• Dervish Mehmed Pasha (1819-1822)
• Beylanli Mustafa Pasha (junio de 1822-abril de 1823)
• Salih Pasha (abril de 1823-enero de 1824)
• Muftizade Ahmed Pasha (1824-mayo de 1824)
• Haci Veliyeddin Pasha (1825-1826)
• Hakki Ismail Pasha (October 1826-1827)
• Izmirli Haci Salih Pasha (1827-1828)
• Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha (1828-1831)
• Mehmed Selim Pasha (1831-1832)
• ante Egipto, autónomo del Imperio otomano
  • Ahmed Bey (1831-1832)
  • Ibrahim Pasha (1832)
  • Muhammad Sharif Pasha (1832-1838)
  • vacante (1838-1840)
• Izzet Mehmed Pasha (1840-1841)
• Mehmed Reshid Pasha (1841-1844)
• Mehmed Namık Pasha (1845-1846)
• Riza Pasha (1845-1846)
• Musa Sefveti Pasha (1846)
• Namiq Pasha (1848)
• Mehmed Namık Pasha (1848-1850)
• Osman Pasha Said Pasha (1850-1852)
• Izzet Mehmed Pasha (1852)
• Açaf Pasha (1852-1854)
• Arif Mehmed Pasha (1854-1855)
• Mehmed Namık Pasha (1855)
• Mahmud Nedim Pasha (1855-1857)
• Izzet Ahmed Pasha (1857)
• Ali Pasha II (1858)
• Mu'amer Pasha (1860)
• Mehmed Fuad Pasha (1860-1861)
• Ahmed Pasha IV (1861)
• Emin Muhlis Pasha (1861-1862)
• Mehmed Reshid Pasha (1862-1864)
• Müterçim Mehmed Rüstü Pasha (1864-1865)
• Reshid Pasha (1865-1871)
• Subhi Pasha (1871-1873)
• Sherif Mehmed Re'uf Pasha (1873-1874)
• Esad Pasha (1874-1875)
• Ahmed Hamdi Pasha (1875-1876)
• Ahmed Pasha V (1876-1877)
• Küçük Ömer Fevzi Pasha (1877-1878)
• Ali Haydar Midhat Pasha (1878-1879)
• Hamdi Pasha (1880-1885)
• Rashid Nashid Pasha (1885-1888)
• Manastirli Mehmed Nazif Pasha (1888-1889)
• Mustafa Asim Pasha (1889-1891)
• Topal Osman Nuri Pasha (1891-1892)
• Sherif Mehmed Rauf Pasha (1892-1894)
• Haçi Osman Nuri Pasha (1894-1895)
• Hasan Pasha II (1896-1897)
• Nazim Pasha (1897-1906)
• Shukri Pasha (1906-1909)
• Ismail Fazil Bey (1909-1911)
• Ismail Ghalib Bey (1911-1912)
• Kiazim Pasha (1912-1913)
• Arif Bey (1913)
• Mehmed Arif Bey Mardin (1914)
• Jamal Pasha (1915)
• Azmi Pasha (1915-1916)
• Tahsin Bey (1916-1918)
• Mehmed Gabriel Pasha (1918)
• Shukri Pasha (1 y 2 de octubre de 1918)

Reino Árabe Unido de Siria

• Fáysal (1918-1920)

Capital de Siria

• Mandato francés de Siria (1920-1946)
• República de Siria (1946-1958)
• República Árabe Unida (1958-1961)
• República Árabe Siria (1961-presente)

Bibliografía

• Burns, Ross (2007), Damascus: A History (en inglés), Routledge, ISBN 9781134488490 .
• Douwes, Dick (2000). The Ottomans in Syria: a history of justice and oppression. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 1860640311. 
• Sajdi, Dana (2013). The Barber of Damascus: Nouveau Literacy in the Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Levant. Stanford University Press. ISBN 9780804788281. 
• Sato, Tsugitaka (1997), «State and Rural Society in Medieval Islam: Sultans, Muqtaʿs, and Fallahun», Islamic History and Civilization Studies and Texts, Islamic History and Civilization, Vol. 17 (Leiden: Brill), ISBN 90-04-10649-9, ISSN 0929-2403 .