Utetheisa

Utetheisa
	; Utetheisa sumatrana imago
Taxonomía
Reino:	Animalia
Filo:	Arthropoda
Clase:	Insecta
Orden:	Lepidoptera
Superfamilia:	Noctuoidea
Familia:	Erebidae
Subfamilia:	Arctiinae
Tribu:	Arctiini
Subtribu:	Callimorphina
Género:	Utetheisa; Hübner, [1819]
Especie tipo
	Phalaena ornatrix; Linnaeus, 1758
Sinonimia
	Atasca Swinhoe, 1892; Deiopeia Curtis, 1827; Deiopeia Stephens, 1829 (non Curtis, 1827: preoccupied); Exitelica Turner, 1921; Pitasila Moore, 1877; Raanya De Vos, 2007; Utethesia (lapsus); Uthetheisa (lapsus);
	[editar datos en Wikidata]

Utetheisa es un género de polillas de la familia Erebidae. El género fue descrito por Jacob Hübner en 1819.

Descripción

Los palpos bucales se dirigen hacia adelante. Las antenas son ciliadas. Las alas anteriores son largas y finas, con el margen exterior corto y algo erecto.^[1]

Las orugas de muchas especies se alimentan de Crotalaria. Los adultos, en general tienen colores brillantes aposemáticos,^[2] son tóxicos, contienen alcaloides pirrolizidínicos que usan como defensa y que también forman parte de las feromonas masculinas.^[3]

Taxonomía

Los miembros de los subgéneros Pitasila, Atasca h Raanya antes estaban incluidos en Nyctemera. Utetheisa está en la subtribu Callimorphina o en Nyctemerina; algunos combinan los dos grupos en uno.^[4]^[5]

Utetheisa es monofilético.^[3]

Algunas especies

Especies de Utetheisa incluyen:^[6]

Subgénero Utetheisa

Utetheisa amhara Jordan, 1939
Utetheisa antennata Swinhoe, 1893
Utetheisa clareae Robinson, 1971
Utetheisa connerorum Roque-Albelo & Landry, 2009
Utetheisa cruentata (Butler, 1881)
Utetheisa devriesi Hayes, 1975
Utetheisa diva (Mabille, 1879)
Utetheisa elata (Fabricius, 1798)
- Utetheisa elata fatela Jordan, 1939
- Utetheisa elata fatua Heyn, 1906
Utetheisa galapagensis (Wallengren, 1860)
Utetheisa henrii Roque-Albelo & Landry, 2009
Utetheisa lactea (Butler, 1884)
- Utetheisa lactea aldabrensis T. B. Fletcher, 1910
Utetheisa lotrix (Cramer, [1777])
Utetheisa maddisoni Robinson & Robinson, 1980
Utetheisa ornatrix (Linnaeus, 1758)
Utetheisa pectinata
Utetheisa perryi Hayes, 1975
Utetheisa pulchella (Linnaeus, 1758)
Utetheisa pulchelloides Hampson, 1907 (sin.: Utetheisa dorsifumata Prout, 1920)
Utetheisa salomonis
Utetheisa semara Moore, 1860
Utetheisa sumatrana Rothschild, 1910

Subgénero Atasca

Utetheisa aegrotum (Swinhoe, 1892)
Utetheisa albilinea De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa amboina De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa amosa (Swinhoe, 1903)
Utetheisa ampatica De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa aruensis De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa bouruana (Swinhoe, 1917)
Utetheisa ceramensis De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa externa (Swinhoe, 1917)
Utetheisa frosti (Prout, 1918)
Utetheisa pellex (Linnaeus, 1758)
Utetheisa separata (Walker, 1864)
Utetheisa watubela De Vos, 2007

Subgénero Raanya

Utetheisa albipuncta (Druce, 1888)
- Utetheisa albipuncta zoilides (Prout, 1920)

Subgénero Pitasila

Utetheisa assamica De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa abraxoides (Walker, 1862)
Utetheisa balinensis De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa disrupta (Butler, 1887)
- Utetheisa disrupta burica (Holland, 1900)
Utetheisa distincta (Swinhoe, 1903) (sin.: Utetheisa sangira (Swinhoe, 1903))
Utetheisa inconstans (Butler, 1880) (sin.: Utetheisa okinawensis (Inoue, 1982))
Utetheisa flavothoracica De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa fractifascia (Wileman, 1911)
Utetheisa guttulosa (Walker, 1864)
Utetheisa latifascia (Hopffer, 1874)
Utetheisa leucospilota (Moore, 1877)
Utetheisa limbata (Roepke, 1949)
Utetheisa mendax De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa nivea De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa pala (Röber, 1891)
Utetheisa selecta (Walker, 1854)
Utetheisa specularis (Walker, 1856) (sin.: Utetheisa macklotti (Vollenhoven, 1863))
- Utetheisa specularis extendens De Vos, 2007
- Utetheisa specularis oroya (Swinhoe, 1903)
Utetheisa timorensis (Roepke, 1954)
Utetheisa transiens (Jurriaanse & Lindemans, 1919)
Utetheisa vandenberghi (Nieuwenhuis, 1948)
Utetheisa varians (Walker, 1854)
Utetheisa variolosa (Felder & Rogenhofer, [1869] 1874)
Utetheisa vollenhovii (Snellen, 1890)
Utetheisa witti De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa ypsilon De Vos, 2007

Referencias

↑ Hampson, G. F. (1894). sitylibrary.org/item/180400#page/5/mode/1up The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume II. Taylor and Francis – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
↑ Garrett, S. E., et al. (2008). Alkaloidal protection of Utetheisa galapagensis (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) against an invertebrate and a vertebrate predator in the Galápagos Islands. Galápagos Research 65 2.
↑ ^a ^b DaCosta, M. A. (2010). Phylogeny of Utetheisa s. str.(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Arctinae) with comments on the evolution of colour, hind wing scales and origin of New World species. Invertebrate Systematics 24(2), 113-30.
↑ De Vos, R. (2007). Las especies de Utetheisa de los subgéneros Pitasila, Atasca y Raanya subgen. n. (Insecta, Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). Aldrovandia. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Zoologia di Roma 3, 31-120.
↑ De Vos, R. and V. V. Dubatolov. (2010). Nyctemerini. en: Dubatolov, V. V. Tiger-moths of Eurasia (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten 65, 11-18.
↑ Savela, Markku. «Utetheisa Hübner, [1819]». Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Consultado el 1 de abril de 2018.

Lecturas adicionales

Jordan, K., 1939: On the constancy and variability of the differences between the Old World species of Utetheisa (Lepid.; Arctiidae). Novitates Zoologicae 41: 251-291, London and Aylesbury.
Perrott, D. C., [1967] 1966: Records of the arctiid genus Utetheisa in New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist 3 (5): 3-4.
Robinson, G. S., 1971: The genus Utetheisa Hübner in Fiji with description of a new species (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae). The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 83 (5): 123-130.
Robinson, G. & H. S. Robinson, 1974: Notes on the genus Utetheisa Hübner (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) in the Western Pacific with larval descriptions. The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 86 (5-6): 160-163.
Robinson, G. & H. S. Robinson., 1979-1980: Further observations on the species of Utetheisa Hübner (Lep.: Arctiidae) in the Western and Central Pacific, with the description of a new species from Niue Island. The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 91 (10): 270-273; 91 (11-12): 319-322, pl. 9; 92 (1): 13-16.
Roepke, W., 1941: On the Javanese species of the genus Utetheisa Hb. (Lep. Het., fam. Arctiidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 84: 1-9, 4 figs., Amsterdam.