Usuario:Crisolympic16/Taller

Ceremonia de apertura de los Juegos de la XXVII Olimpiada Sídney 2000
XXVII Juegos Olímpicos de Verano
Localización	Sídney Australia
Ceremonias
Apertura	15 de septiembre de 2000
Inaugurado por	William Deane
Llama olímpica	Cathy Freeman
Estadio olímpico	ANZ Stadium
Cronología
1996 2004

La Ceremonia de Apertura de los Juegos Olímpicos de Sídney 2000 se realizó en la tarde del viernes 15 de septiembre de 2000, y en ella se presentaron iconos de la cultura australiana desde criaturas marinas hasta flora y fauna locales.

Segmentos

Preludio

La ceremonia fue conducida por el comentarista deportivo David Fordham y la lectora de noticias Christine Bath del Seven Network de Australia en vivo desde el estadio. Se realizaron varias presentaciones, entre ellas la de John Williamson quien interpretó la famosa canción australiana "Waltzing Matilda".

Bienvenida

La Ceremonia de Apertura inició con un tributo a la herencia del Caballo australiano con la llegada de un jinete solitario, Steve Jefferys, montando el caballo Ammo encabritado. A un sonido del látigo de Steve Jefferys, cerca de 120 jinetes montados en caballos australianos irrumpieron en el estadio y realizaron complicadas piruetas, incluyendo la formación de los cinco Anillos Olímpicos, al son de la música de Bruce Rowland; este último compuso una versión especial para estos JJ.OO. de su propio tema musical de la película de 1982 The Man from Snowy River. Una gigantesca bandera, pintada por el artista de Sídney Ken Done, dijo “G'Day” al mundo.

Himno

El Himno Nacional Australiano Advance Australia Fair fue cantado por Human Nature y Julie Anthony. Este hecho es visto mundialmente como el más grande tributo a un himno nacional en la historia de las ceremonias de apertura de las Olimpiadas.

El Sueño del Mar Profundo

Comienza el show artístico y los caballos y jinetes australianos dejan el campo de juego del Estadio Olímpico. Ingresa la pequeña Nikki Webster simulando a una niña que va a tomar sol a las playas costeras de Australia, se pone bronceador y se recuesta sobre su manta, pero de repenta ingresa en un sueño profundo. Aparecen de todos los costados del campo medusas, amebas, peces y otras criaturas marinas provenientes también del arrecife de coral australiano. El sueño se transforma en una realidad y la pequeña luego vuela y nada en conjunto con los peces hasta que su sueño finaliza al fin.

El Despertar

El segmento del despertar conmemoró el pasado Aborigen de Australia, que se remonta miles de años. Una bienvenida especial fue hecha a los países que compiten en los Juegos Olímpicos. Un mayor Aborigen dirigió a Nikki Webster por el segmento. La narración para el segmento era por el actor indígena australiano Ernie Dingo.

Naturaleza

El segmento de Naturaleza presentó el interior australiano, fauna y flora. Esto comenzó con varios ejecutantes de fuego (malabaristas, respiros) cruzando el suelo del estadio, simbolizando el avance de un incendio de monte. En la secuela, ejecutantes que representan el movimiento de flora cuando la tierra es rellenada con el agua y vida. El suelo de estadio está lleno de ejecutantes vestidos en trajes que representan varias flores incluso las flores salvajes distintivas de Australia tal como el Carúncula de Oro (la flor nacional de Australia), el Waratah (la flor estatal de N.S.W), el Guisante de Desierto de Sturt, Nenúfares y flores de Eucalipto. La fauna, fue representada por 7 grandes pintura pintadas por Jeffrey Sammuels, fue revelada entonces, representando la vida de animal indígena en Australia. El sueño como la música oyó durante esta secuencia fue formado y conducido por el compositor australiano, Chong Lim. Las flores una vez más fueron iluminadas antes de salir del estadio.

Sinfonía de estaño

En el segmento de la Sinfonía de estaño, se muestran los casos de establecimiento europeo en Australia, y el desarrollo de Australia en un país rural y cívico. Este segmento se inició con la llegada del Capitán James Cook y su tripulación, con bicicletas para representar a su buque, el HMB Endeavour, durante la exploración del Capitán Cook de la costa este de Australia. El actor en calidad de Capitán Cook encendió un fuego artificial para iniciar el segmento. Se muestra a bordo del buque un conejo enjaulado.

Contra la caótica banda sonora compuesta y realizada por el violinista australiano Ian Cooper, una multitud de actores con la icónica vestimenta del bushranger australiano Ned Kelly (con disfraces basados en una pintura de Ned Kelly pintada por el artista Sir Sidney Nolan) aparecerá en el piso del estadio, con otros elementos simbólicos del interior como las láminas de hierro corrugado y tanques de agua pluviales. Un vehículo representando a un caballo mecánico estuvo presente, entonces cambió de forma a un molino de viento. Artículos culturales tales como la tala de árboles y golpes de látigo fueron mostrados. Bailarines irlandeses presentes en esta sección bailaron en las láminas de hierro corrugado, con sombrillas hechas para parecerse a engranajes y ruedas gigantes representando el crecimiento industrial de Australia. Los cambios de tempo muestran como se introdujeron los aspectos rurales de Australia. En el centro del estadio, un cobertizo fue construido a partir de las láminas de hierro corrugado. Fuera del cobertizo se representan ovejas, uno de los tipos de ganado más importantes de Australia. Las ovejas fueron representadas por actores en cajas de cartón, que se movían junto con la música. Los suburbios de Australia son representados cuando los actores surgen de las cajas de cartón con cortadoras de césped "Victa" para formar los anillos de los Juegos Olímpicos. El caballo mecánico gigante entonces realizó otra aparición, luego aparece Nikki Webster dándole una manzana a este. El caballo mecánico relincha para indicar el final del segmento.

Orden de aparición de los países

No.	Cód. COI	Orden en Inglés	Nombre en Francés	Nombre en Español
001	GRE	Greece	Grèce	Grecia
002	ALB	Αlbania	Albanie	Albania
003	ALG	Αlgeria	Algérie	Argelia
004	ASA	Αmerican Samoa	Samoa Américaine	Samoa Americana
005	AND	Αndorra	Andorre	Andorra
006	ANG	Αngola	Angola	Angola
007	ANT	Αntigua & Barbuda	Antigua-et-Barbuda	Antigua y Barbuda
008	ARG	Αrgentina	Argentine	Argentina
009	ARM	Αrmenia	Armenie	Armenia
010	ARU	Αruba	Aruba	Aruba
011	AUT	Αustria	Autriche	Austria
012	AZE	Αzerbaijan	Azerbaïdjan	Azerbaiyán
013	BAH	Bahamas	Bahamas	Bahamas
014	BRN	Bahrain	Bahreïn	Baréin
015	BAN	Bangladesh	Bangladesh	Bangladés
016	BAR	Barbados	Barbade	Barbados
017	BLR	Belarus	Biélorrusie	Bielorrusia
018	BEL	Βelgium	Belgique	Bélgica
019	BIZ	Belice	Belize	Belice
020	BEN	Benin	Bénin	Benín
021	BER	Bermuda	Bermudes	Bermudas
022	BHU	Bhutan	Bhoutan	Bután
023	BOL	Bolivia	Bolivie	Bolivia
024	BIH	Bosnia & Herzegovina	Bosnie-Herzégovine	Bosnia y Herzegovina
025	BOT	Botswana	Botswana	Botsuana
026	BRA	Brazil	Brésil	Brasil
027	IVB	British Virgin Islands	Îles Vierges Britaniques	Islas Vírgenes Británicas
028	BRU	Brunei Darussalam	Brunei Darussalam	Brunéi Darussalam
029	BUL	Βulgaria	Bulgarie	Bulgaria
030	BUR	Burkina Faso	Burkina Faso	Burkina Faso
031	BDI	Burundi	Burundi	Burundi
032	CAM	Cambodia	Cambodge	Camboya
033	CMR	Cameroon	Cameroun	Camerún
034	CAN	Canada	Canada	Canadá
035	CPV	Cape Verde	Cap-Vert	Cabo Verde
036	CAY	Cayman Islands	Îles Caïmans	Islas Caimán
037	CAF	Central African Republic	République Centrafricaine	República Centroafricana
038	CHA	Chad	Tchad	Chad
039	CHI	Chile	Chili	Chile
040	CHN	People's Republic of China	République Populaire de Chine	República Popular China
041	COL	Colombia	Colombie	Colombia
042	COM	Comoros	Comores	Comoras
043	CGO	Congo	Congo	Congo
044	COK	Cook Islands	Îles Cook	Islas Cook
045	CRC	Costa Rica	Costa Rica	Costa Rica
046	CIV	Cote d'Ivoire	Cote d'Ivoire	Costa de Marfil
047	CRO	Croatia	Croatie	Croacia
048	CUB	Cuba	Cuba	Cuba
049	CYP	Cyprus	Chypre	Chipre
050	CZE	Czech Republic	République Tchèque	República Checa
051	COD	Democratic Republic of the Congo	République Démocratique du Congo	República Democrática del Congo
052	DEN	Denmark	Danemark	Dinamarca
053	DJI	Djibouti	Djibouti	Yibuti
054	DMA	Dominica	Dominique	Dominica
055	DOM	Dominican Republic	République Dominicaine	República Dominicana
056	ECU	Ecuador	Équateur	Ecuador
057	EGY	Egypt	Égypte	Egipto
058	ESA	El Salvador	El Salvador	El Salvador
059	GEQ	Equatorial Guinea	Guinée Équatoriale	Guinea Ecuatorial
060	ERI	Eritrea	Érythrée	Eritrea
061	EST	Estonia	Estonie	Estonia
062	ETH	Ethiopia	Éthiopie	Etiopía
063	FIJ	Fiji	Fidji	Fiyi
064	FIN	Finland	Finlande	Finlandia
065	MKD	Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	Ex-République Yougoslave de Macédonie	Ex República Yugoslava de Macedonia
066	FRA	France	France	France
067	GAB	Gabon	Gabon	Gabón
068	GAM	Gambia	Gambie	Gambia
069	GEO	Georgia	Géorgie	Georgia
070	GER	Germany	Allemagne	Alemania
071	GHA	Ghana	Ghana	Ghana
072	GBR	Great Britain	Grande- Bretagne	Gran Bretaña
073	GRN	Grenada	Grenade	Granada
074	GUM	Guam	Guam	Guam
075	GUA	Guatemala	Guatemala	Guatemala
076	GUI	Guinea	Guinée	Guinea
077	GBS	Guinea-Bissau	Guinée-Bissau	Guinea-Bisáu
078	GUY	Guyana	Guyana	Guyana
079	HAI	Haití	HaÏti	Haití
080	HON	Honduras	Honduras	Honduras
081	HKG	Hong Kong, China	Hong Kong, Chine	Hong Kong, China
082	HUN	Hungary	Hongrie	Hungría
083	ISL	Iceland	Islande	Islandia
084	IND	India	Inde	India
085	INA	Indonesia	Indonésie	Indonesia
086	IRI	Islamic Republic of Iran	République Islamique d'Iran	República Islámica de Irán
087	IRQ	Iraq	Irak	Irak
088	IRL	Ireland	Irlande	Irlanda
089	ISR	Israel	Israël	Israel
090	ITA	Italy	Italie	Italia
091	JAM	Jamaica	Jamaïque	Jamaica
092	JPN	Japan	Japon	Japón
093	JOR	Jordan	Jordanie	Jordania
094	KAZ	Kazakhstan	Kazakhstan	Kazajistán
095	KEN	Kenya	Kenya	Kenia
096	PRK KOR	Korea Democratic People's Republic of Korea Republic of Korea	Corée République Démocratique Populaire de Corée République de Corée	Corea República Democrática Popular de Corea República de Corea
097	KGZ	Kyrgyzstan	Kirghizistan	Kirguistán
098	KUW	Kuwait	Koweit	Kuwait
099	LAO	Lao People's Democratic Republic	République Démocratique Populaire Lao	República Democrática Popular Lao
100	LAT	Latvia	Lettonie	Letonia
101	LIB	Lebanon	Liban	Líbano
102	LES	Lesotho	Lesotho	Lesoto
103	LBR	Liberia	Liberia	Liberia
104	LBA	Libyan Arab Jamahiriya	Jamahiriya Arabe Libyenne	Jamahiriya Árabe Libia
105	LIE	Liechtenstein	Liechtenstein	Liechtenstein
106	LTU	Lithuania	Lituanie	Lituania
107	LUX	Luxembourg	Luxembourg	Luxemburgo
108	MAD	Madagascar	Madagascar	Madagascar
109	MAW	Malawi	Malawi	Malaui
110	MAS	Malaysia	Malaisie	Malasia
111	MDV	Maldives	Maldives	Maldivas
112	MLI	Mali	Mali	Malí
113	MLT	Malta	Malte	Malta
114	MTN	Mauritania	Mauritanie	Mauritania
115	MRI	Mauritius	Maurice	Mauricio
116	MEX	Mexico	Mexique	México
117	FSM	Federated States of Micronesia	États Fédérés de Micronésie	Estados Federados de Micronesia
118	MDA	Republic of Moldova	République de Moldavie	República de Moldavia
119	MON	Monaco	Monaco	Mónaco
120	MGL	Mongolia	Mongolie	Mongolia
121	MAR	Morocco	Maroc	Marruecos
122	MOZ	Mozambique	Mozambique	Mozambique
123	MYA	Myanmar	Myanmar	Myanmar
124	NAM	Namibia	Namibie	Namibia
125	NAU	Nauru	Nauru	Nauru
126	NEP	Nepal	Nepal	Nepal
127	NED	Netherlands	Pays-Bas	Países Bajos
128	AHO	Netherlands Antilles	Antilles Néerlandaises	Antillas Neerlanderas
129	NZL	New Zealand	Nouvelle-Zélande	Nueva Zelanda
130	NCA	Nicaragua	Nicaragua	Nicaragua
131	NIG	Niger	Niger	Niger
132	NGR	Nigeria	Nigeria	Nigeria
133	NOR	Norway	Norvège	Noruega
134	OMA	Oman	Oman	Omán
135	PAK	Pakistan	Pakistan	Pakistán
136	PLW	Palau	Palaos	Palaos
137	PLE	Palestine	Palestine	Palestina
138	PAN	Panama	Panama	Panamá
139	PNG	Papua New Guinea	Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée	Papúa Nueva Guinea
140	PAR	Paraguay	Paraguay	Paraguay
141	PER	Peru	Pérou	Perú
142	PHI	Philippines	Philippines	Filipinas
143	POL	Poland	Pologne	Polonia
144	POR	Portugal	Portugal	Polonia
145	PUR	Puerto Rico	Porto Rico	Puerto Rico
146	QAT	Qatar	Qatar	Catar
147	ROM	Romania	Roumanie	Rumania
148	RUS	Russian Federation	Fédération de Russie	Rusia
149	RWA	Rwanda	Rwanda	Ruanda
150	SKN	Saint Kitts & Nevis	Saint-Kitts-et-Nevis	San Cristóbal y Nieves
151	LCA	Saint Lucia	Sainte-Lucie	Santa Lucia
152	VIN	Saint Vincent & the Grenadines	Saint-Vincent-et-les-Grenadines	San Vicente y las Granadinas
153	SAM	Samoa	Samoa	Samoa
154	SMR	San Marino	Saint-Marin	San Marino
155	STP	Sao Tome & Principe	Sao Tomé-et-Principe	Santo Tomé y Príncipe
156	KSA	Saudi Arabia	Arabie Saoudite	Arabia Saudita
157	SEN	Senegal	Sénégal	Senegal
158	SEY	Seychelles	Seychelles	Seychelles
159	SLE	Sierra Leone	Sierra Leone	Sierra Leona
160	SIN	Singapore	Singapour	Singapur
161	SVK	Slovakia	Slovaquie	Eslovaquia
162	SLO	Slovenia	Slovenie	Eslovenia
163	SOL	Solomon Islands	Îles Salomon	Islas Salomón
164	SOM	Somalia	Somalie	Somalia
165	RSA	South Africa	Afrique du Sud	Sudáfrica
166	ESP	Spain	Espagne	España
167	SRI	Sri Lanka	Sri Lanka	Sri Lanka
168	SUD	Sudan	Soudan	Sudan
169	SUR	Suriname	Suriname	Surinam
170	SWZ	Swaziland	Swaziland	Suazilandia
171	SWE	Sweden	Suède	Suecia
172	SUI	Switzerland	Suisse	Suiza
173	SYR	Syrian Arab Republic	République Arabe Syrienne	República Árabe Siria
174	TPE	Chinese Taipei	Taipei Chinois	China Taipéi
175	TJK	Tajikistan	Tadjikistan	Tayikistán
176	TAN	United Republic of Τanzania	République Unie de Tanzanie	República Unida de Tanzania
177	THA	Τhailand	Thaïlande	Tailandia
178	TOG	Τogo	Togo	Togo
179	TGA	Τonga	Tonga	Tonga
180	TRI	Τrinidad & Τοbago	Trinité-et-Tobago	Trinidad y Tobago
181	TUN	Τunisia	Tunisie	Túnez
182	TUR	Τurkey	Turquie	Turquía
183	TKM	Τurkmenistan	Turkménistan	Turkmenistán
184	UGA	Uganda	Ouganda	Uganda
185	UKR	Ukraine	Ukraine	Ucrania
186	UAE	United Arab Emirates	Émirats Arabes Unis	Emiratos Árabes Unidos
187	USA	United States of America	États-Unis d'Amérique	Estados Unidos de América
188	URU	Uruguay	Uruguay	Uruguay
189	UZB	Uzbekistán	Ouzbékistan	Uzbekistán
190	VAN	Vanuatu	Vanuatu	Vanuatu
191	VEN	Venezuela	Venezuela	Venezuela
192	VIE	Vietnam	Viêt Nam	Vietnam
193	ISV	Virgin Islands	Îles Vierges	Islas Vírgenes de los Estados Unidos
194	YEM	Υemen	Yémen	Yemen
195	YUG	Yugoslavia	Yougoslavie	Yugoslavia
196	ZAM	Ζambia	Zambie	Zambia
197	ZIM	Ζimbabwe	Zimbabwe	Zimbabue
198	IOA	Individual Olympic Athletes	Athlètes Olympiques Individuels	Atletas Olímpicos Individuales
199	AUS	Αustralia	Australie	Australia

Traducción

HISTORY OF THE OPENING CEREMONY

In ancient Greece, the first day o f O lym pic com petition opened with the com petitors parading in chariots past the purple robed judges, a herald and a trum peter. The herald called o u t each com petitor's name, the name o f his father and his city, and then declared the Games officially open.

A t the opening cerem ony o f the first m odern O lym piad in Athens in 1896, athletes from 13 countries paraded into the stadium. A crowd o f 70,000 watched as King George o f Greece declared the Games officially open.

The O pening Cerem ony has evolved over the past century, as each host city has presented an interpretation o f their culture, w ith a spectacular perform ance o f music, dance and pageantry. This process gained m om entum with the introduction o f television.

A ntw erp in 1920 was the first city to introduce the lighting o f the O lym pic Flame. Berlin in 1936 introduced the torch relay, and their dazzling display o f lighting added a new dim ension to the staging o f events. The Sydney stadium has the largest capacity o f any games (110,000), but Los Angeles in 1932, was the first stadium to hold over 100,000 spectators.

The parade o f athletes at the London Games o f 1948, had a special symbolism as it broug ht to g e th e r many nations th a t had spent the previous six years ravaged by war. The legacy o f Seoul in 1988, was the unfurling o f the first new O lym pic flag since the original "A n tw e rp " flag was introduced in 1920.

The focus o f the opening ceremony is the Parade o f Athletes from each country, who march behind th eir national flag. The flag bearer dips the flag in honour as the team marches by the Head o f State o f the host country and the Presdent o f the IOC. Paris in 1900, and St Louis in 1904, did not stage Parades o f Athletes, but the tradition was revived at the London Games o f 1908, and continues to this day.

As the birthplace o f the Olympics, the team from Greece has the honour o f entering the stadium first, and is follow ed in alphabetical order by the teams o f the other countries. The host country's team enters last. The Head o f State o f the host country welcomes the athletes and declares the Games officially open. One athlete and one official then take the O lym pic Oaths. A flock o f doves are then released, a feature o f the ceremony th a t began in A ntw erp in 1920.

Am sterdam in 1928, was the first city to introduce the climax of the Opening Ceremony; the lighting o f the O lym pic Cauldron. The lighting o f the Cauldron reached new heights at the Barcelona Games in 1992. The crowd held their breath as Paralympian archer, A ntonio Rebollo shot a flam ing arrow 80 metres from the floor of the stadium to light the Cauldron.

A nd now, it is Sydney's turn to dazzle the w orld.

THE OPENING CEREMONY OF THE XXV11 OLYMPIAD - OVERVIEW

The first m odern O lym pic Games were held in Athens in 1896, and Sydney is proud to host the Games th at take the O lym pic M ovem ent into its third century.

The cerem ony has been put to ge th er by a talented creative team led by D irector o f Ceremonies, Ric Birch and A rtistic Director, David Atkins. Ric Birch has been involved w ith a record num ber o f O lym pic Ceremonies.

He produced the Handover Ceremony at Atlanta, was Executive Producer o f Ceremonies at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics, and was D irector o f Production o f the 1984 Los Angeles O lym pic Ceremonies. David Atkins has starred, produced, directed, choreographed and created over 20 musicals in Australia, Asia, Great Britain, Am erica and Canada. Am ong his many awards are an MTV award fo r choreography, and a prestigious O livier Award fo r his choreography o f his London production, H ot Shoe Shuffle.

Birch and Atkins set out to create an exciting, fantastic and diverse vision o f Australian history and culture. "W e have handed the direction o f the creative segments to a select group o f some o f Australia's leading talents from theatre, dance, cinema and m usic", said Birch.

"A nd they have come up w ith an astounding array o f effects, machinery, colour and energy to create an experience th at a single director could not have envisioned."

The segm ent directors include Meryl Tankard who was A rtistic D irector of the Australian Dance Theatre, Nigel T riffitt and Dein Perry who brought the w orld the smash dance hit Tap Dogs, A boriginal actor, w rite r and journalist Rhoda Roberts and the seminal figure o f the Australian theatre, Richard W herrett.

"W e have let all the creative teams run w ith the ball. A nd that has created both com petition to put on the best segm ent, and a culture o f com m itm ent to the project", said Birch.

The dram atic opening, directed by Ignatius Jones, where 120 stockmen ride into the stadium, will be the largest 'musical ride' ever staged. 'D eep Sea Dream ing', Meryl Tankard's vision o f Australia's relationship w ith the ocean, is a vast canvas o f exotic tropical sea creatures in three dimensions, floating above the arena and between the grandstands. Nigel Jamieson has invented an evolution o f Australian history in 'Tin Symphony', th a t begins w ith a creaky tandem cycle, and employs a bizarre range o f industrial machinery, evoking the developm ent o f the "larrikin" Australian spirit.

The vision o f the directors has created numerous technical challenges fo r the designers, engineers and trades people at 'Cerem onies' vast Redfern Workshops. W orkshop M anager Jeremy Sparks says th a t m ost o f the director's concepts have had to be designed and constructed from scratch.

"They have brought us drawings and we have to w ork out how to build it, whether it can w ork and how to move it around, which has all required a good deal o f trial and error", he said.

The staging o f the segm ents has also created the need fo r considerable ingenuity. 'D eep Sea Dream ing' is the largest aerial event ever staged. Eleven cables have been strung from grandstand to grandstand across the arena to enable a host of sea creatures and nine children to flo a t in a technicolour, three dimensional sea. The blending o f fire and w ater in the staging o f the Cauldron, designed by Michael ScottM itchell and Ric Birch, has been perhaps the greatest challenge o f all. This will becom e evident as the O pening Cerem ony reaches its climax.

Around 12,500 people will appear on the arena during the ceremony. "The logistics o f ensuring th a t 12,500 volunteers are rehearsed, fed, and transported are trem endous, and yet we have had nothing but com m itm ent and enthusiasm from all involved", said Ric Birch.

The sequence

The O pening Cerem ony o f the Sydney Games is a celebration o f Australia, that begins by the sea, and returns to the harbour city after a journey through our land and history.

We are taken on a journey through Australian history, environm ent and culture by tw o characters; a little girl and the traditional A boriginal dancer Djakapurra. This is the first tim e th at an O lym pic O pening Cerem ony has had characters th a t reappear in each segm ent, threading the ceremony to g e th e r into a whole.

The ceremony bursts into life when 120 stockmen on horses thunder into the arena. They throw their hats into the crowd and shout the tim e honoured Australian qreetinq - "G 'day".

The Australian G overnor General, Sir W illiam Deane and the President o f the International O lym pic C om m ittee, Juan A ntonio Samaranch arrive, and take their seats in the Tribune o f Honour fo r the national anthem.

The little girl walks to the centre o f the arena, spreads out a tow el, puts zinc cream on her nose, lies down and begins to dream about Australia. She dreams o f the deep blue ocean, o f jellyfish, stingrays and othe r sea creatures.

Her dream gives way to Djakapurra, A boriginal dancers and mem bers o f tribes from all corners o f the country, w ho form circles around burning eucalyptus leaves. They conjure a giant W andjina, a creation myth spirit sym bolising the unity o f Indigenous people.

Firebreathers ignite the bush, regenerating the plants th at bloom into a rippling sea o f Australian w ildflow ers, trees and animals. Djakapurra walks through the garden and finds the little girl hidden behind a flower.

A three person cycle peddles into the arena. A t the centre it stops to begin a segm ent th a t takes us on a journey through early European settlem ent, the struggle to open up and farm the land, and on to the Australian suburban dream.

This is the cue for a series o f groups to sweep into the arena. They represent the successive waves o f im m igratio n , th a t has tran sform ed A ustralia into the cosm opolitan and diverse society it is today. W ith 2,000 people in the centre o f the arena, Sydney's landm ark Anzac Bridge rises, and Djakapurra and our little girl m eet again amid a crescendo th at celebrates the city o f Sydney.

The Sydney 2000 O lym pic Band heralds the arrival o f the Parade o f Athletes. Once the athletes are assembled, John Farnham and Olivia Newton-John perform 'Dare to Dream'. A huge O lym pic Flag is passed over the crowd from the southern grandstand as Vanessa Am orosi perform s 'Heroes Live Forever'. The official O lym pic Flag is then raised.

As the O lym pic Torch enters the stadium , Tina Arena perform s, 'The Flame'. Once alight, the Cauldron flam e is five metres high and three metres wide-clearly visible outside the stadium.

The Opening Ceremony concludes with a spectacular display of fireworks.

Key times

4:30pm O lym pic Stadium gates open

6:00pm Pre-show entertainm ent commences

7:00pm Stockmen on horses enter the arena and welcom e the crowd

7:03pm Arrival o f Sir W illiam Deane and Juan A ntonio Samaranch

7:05pm Australian National Anthem and Australian flag presentation

7:10pm Creative segments begin with Deep Sea Dreaming

7:17pm Awakening

7:25pm Fire

7:28pm Nature

7:37pm Tin Symphony

7:49pm Arrivals

7:59pm Eternity

8:10pm Sydney 2000 O lym pic Band

8:18pm Parade o f A thletes commences with the entry o f Greece

9:30pm Parade o f A th letes concludes w ith the entry o f Australia 'Dare to Dream ' perform ed by John Farnham and Olivia Newton-John 9:38pm Official speeches. Sir W illiam Deane declares open the Games o f the XXVII O lym piad in Sydney.

9:48pm The O lym pic flag is passed over the crowd to the field, 'Heroes Live Forever' perform ed by Vanessa Am orosi - the O lym pic Flag is raised and O lym pic Hymn is sung.

9:58pm The O lym pic Oaths are taken by an athlete and judge.

10:02pm 'The Flame' perform ed by Tina Arena. The torchbearer enters the arena fo r the lighting o f the O lym pic Cauldron.

10:12pm Finale - Fireworks spectacular.

Staqinq

Cast & support

12,600 people will perform in the O pening Ceremony. They are supported by a backstage crew o f 4,600 production crew and volunteers.

Athlete staging

The 11,600 athletes and officials w ill gather, adjacent to the stadium, in the Sydney Superdome. They w ill watch the ceremony unfold, until they make their entrance in the Parade o f Athletes.

Lighting, data and power equipment

A total o f 99 tonnes o f lighting and pow er equipm ent, (that filled 22, 12 metre containers), has been used to stage the ceremony. The breakdown o f the equipm ent, which is supplied by the company Bytecraft is:

■ Lighting: 300 High End Systems tu rb o cyberlights; 196 High End Systems studio beam lights; 132 High End Systems studio colours; 112 ACL; 100x4,000 w att HMI pars; 72x7,000 w att fully autom ated Xenon searchlights; 48 7k Space Cannon Ireos Pro; 28 Space Cannon Easy 2000; 18 2k Lycian Followspot; 14 W holehog II; 8 4k Space Cannon Ireos Pro; 8 Lycian Followspot.

■Cable, data and power :111,169 metres o f cable; 7,054 cables; 64,775 metres o f pow er cable; 4,595 pow er cables; 46,394 metres o f data cable; 2,519 data cables; a Klotz fibre optic backbone transm itting over 14,208 channels o f DMX; 13,704 amps total three phase; 4,568 amps uniphase; 1,628 total fixtures; 870 autom ated fixtures; 658 analogue fixtures; 541 metres o f truss; 207 racks o f pow er distribution dim m ing; 200 disisti duci; 92 kino flow ; 90 rigging points; 78 chain m otors; 76 DM X splitier; 60 Par 64; 57 mains connections; 35 streams o f DMX; 34 tonnes o f cable. Power consum ption is 3,288,960 watts.

Audio

The sound system fo r the opening and closing ceremonies will encompass the most extensive use o f leading edge technology o f any Olym pics to date. Australian digital music pioneer, Fairlight, has recorded certain segments directly to com puter disk, bypassing traditional m agnetic recording tape. Klotz D igital is providing an extensive fib e r optic netw ork to deliver digital audio throug hout the stadium and the w orldw ide television audience. Sydney based Sound System contractor N orw est Productions has assembled the cream o f Australian sound technicians to operate the extensive distributed sound system. Tens o f kilom eters o f wire cables and glass fib er link the hundreds o f speakers, am plifiers and m icrophones to the control room overlooking the field.

An extensive com puter netw ork controls amplifiers and reports them , ready to do the show. Performers benefit from the latest radio technology, which allows them to move around freely using wireless m icrophones and tin y radio earpieces so they can hear themselves sing above the roar o f the crowd.

Ric Birch selected Australian sound designer Bruce Jackson to head up the audio team . Jackson's credits include six years w ith Elvis Presley, 10 with Bruce Springsteen and more recently seven with Barbara Streisand. Assisting him at the ceremony are tw o dozen audio technicians delivering a well rehearsed sound perform ance to the stadium and the w orld.

Fireworks

7,000 individual pyrotechnic effects will be launched from 15 locations in and around the O lym pic Stadium. The pyrotechnics require a crew o f 60, five shipping containers full o f pyrotechnics, over 3,000 metres o f wire and cabling and fully com puterised, electronic firing systems. The pyrotechnics have been orchestrated by 'Foti's International Fireworks' an Australian company that first m anufactured fireworks in Italy in 1793. Seven generations later, brothers Vince and Fortunato Foti are staging pyrotechnic displays both here and around the world.

Costumes

Costume Supervisor Paula Ryan and her 100 dedicated staff have been w orking creating the 15,000 costumes fo r the O pening Cerem ony since N ovem ber '99. They have spent more than 100,000 hours making the costumes, using over a quarter o f a m illion sequins, 150,000 metres o f fabric and 2,000 litres o f paint.

Ground cloth

The ground cloth covering the stadium field o f play is roughly 23 000 square metres in area (four tim es the size o f a football pitch) and is perhaps the w orld's largest painted mural. Designed by Peter England, the ground cloth is inspired by the colours and textures o f the Australian landscape, from the detailed scale o f Sydney sandstone to massive scale o f Australia's desert interior. A team o f nine artists have applied a total o f 15 tonnes o f specially developed natural oxide paint to achieve the finished art work.

Olympic stadium

The centrepiece o f the Sydney 2000 O lym pic Games is the largest o utdoor venue in O lym pic history, w ith a capacity o f 110,000. The stadium has already hosted a num ber o f m ajor sporting events attracting a record crowd o f 109,900 fo r a rugby union test match betw een Australia and New Zealand.

A continuous low er seating bowl surrounds the athletics track. The stadium has two permanent roofed grandstands on each side, and tw o tem porary open grandstands at each end. A fter the O lym pic Games, the stadium will be reconfigured to seat y 80,000.

PRELUDE 6:00 - 7:00pm

Running time: lhour

Performers

As the crowd settles into their seats they are entertained fo r the hour before the countdow n commences:

• The Prelude commences w ith introductions to comperes David Fordham and Chris Bath, and the "voices o f the O lym pic Cerem onies" John Stanton and Ms Pascale Ledeur.

• A simple but dignified "W elcom e to Friends" ceremony is presented by the traditional, Indigenous landowners o f the Homebush Bay site.

• 160 children from the Performing Arts Unit perform the official O lym pic 2000 Team W elcom e Song, 'G 'day G 'day'.

• The audience is given their participation instructions, sponsors are recognised and "W in a Trip to Athens fo r the 2004 O lym pics".

• Over 40,000 registered volunteers who have contributed so much to making a success o f the Sydney 2000 O lym pic Games are acknowledged in video and live on stage. This is follow ed by 'Share the Spirit', Sydney's winning bid song, perform ed by Ric H erbert

• The IOC and UN "Q uest fo r Global Peace" is celebrated during a rendition o f 'Im agine' supported by children carrying olive branches from which a single w hite dove is released.

• Australia's oldest living Olym pian, Edie Payne is recognised in video and in person.

• John W illiam son leads the audience through 'W altzing M atilda'.

• A t 16:59:50, the audience joins in to count down the last ten seconds.

Music: The songs perform ed during the Prelude:

'G 'day G 'day' perform ed by 160 children from Sing 2001

'Share the S pirit' perform ed by Ric H erbert and the Australian Institute of Music Vocal Group

'Im agine' by John Lennon

'W altzing M atilda' perform ed by John W illiamson

Performers

Commentary

Australian A ctor John Stanton is the 'Australian Stadium Voice' o f the Olym pic O pening and Closing Ceremonies. He is supported in both ceremonies by Ms Pascale Ledeur, the voice o f all French translations. Ms Ledeur was also the French voice at the Atlanta Games. The 'Prelude' is hosted by Seven N etw ork personalities David Fordham and Ms Chris Bath.

Ric Herbert

Sydney-based perform er Ric H erbert sang the O lym pic bid anthem 'Share The Spirit' fo r Australia's successful bid in 1993. His credits include Judas in Superstar, Riff Raff in Rocky H orror' and m ost recently, a season as John Wilkes Booth in Stephen Sondheim's Assassins.

John Williamson

From the first song he w rote, 'O ld Man Emu', John W illiam son has helped to define the Australian character and has always stood up fo r w hat he believes in. 'Rip, Rip W oodchip' to o k a stand against w oodchipping and 'True Blue' made a statem ent about national symbols. O ver alm ost 30 years in the industry, he has released 24 albums, 8 videos, and an impressive book o f lyrics. He has collected 18 golden guitars at the Australian C ountry Music Awards.

Background Notes

The Globite case

On each o f the 110,000 seats is a rich yellow 'G lo b ite ' style case with b righ t blue corners. Each case contains the official program and pin, as well as several "audience participation" items to be used on specific cues during the O pening Ceremony.

It is said th at half o f all living Australians aged between 15 years and 50, owned a G lobite school case. During the 1940's, 50's and 60's m ost schools insisted that G lobite cases had to be a dull brown colour. In typical Aussie style, kids responded by "uniquely branding" th eir brown G lobites w ith all sorts o f brightly coloured stickers and markings.

In recognition o f this Australian icon, Lloyd Bond has designed the O pening Cerem ony audience participation kit in the form o f a unique G lobite style souvenir case, which have all been "m anually and individually branded" with coloured stickers random ly placed on the to p and sides. Inside each case is an "opening ceremony souvenir sticker", fo r each audience m em ber to stick wherever they choose on their case.

The ‘G’Day G’Day’ song

Prior to being perform ed here, the G'Day G 'Day song was perform ed hundreds o f tim es by m ore than 6,000 NSW prim ary school children, including at the official Team W elcom e Ceremonies in the O lym pic Village from Septem ber 3-14. This song (full title 'G'Day, G 'D ay' You Are the Heroes o f the W orld'), which was com posed by O lym pic Ceremonies creative director Lloyd Bond, and Brian and Claire Sutton, was also adopted as a signature song fo r the Sydney 2000 W elcom e The W orld program and other local and international Sydney 2000 prom otion campaigns.

Credits

Director & producer Lloyd Bond

Stage designer Michael Scott-M itchell

Groundcloth designer Peter England

Audience leader costume designer Kristian Fredrickson

WELCOME - HORSES - G’DAY 7:00-7:03

Running time: 3 :3 0 minutes

Cue: The sound o f hundreds o f galloping hoofs opens the Sydney Games, as 120 riders from the Australian Stock Horse Society, led by one rider, pour onto the arena at a full gallop.

The riders form into the O lym pic Rings, then break free to ride to the boundary fence, O lym pic flags flying, where they welcom e the crowd to the stadium with a rousing "G 'd ay!". Keep a close lookout fo r Paul Hogan am ong the riders.

As they ride to the fence, a giant cloth drops in centre field revealing a new graphic o f the Sydney Harbour Bridge designed by Ken Done.

The riders are dedicated horsemen and wom en from all walks o f life, who range in age from 15 to 77. M ost o f the riders are from rural Australia. This perform ance is the largest "musical rid e " (horses choreographed to music) in history.

Music: 'The Man From Snowy River' played by the Sydney Symphony Orchestra, in a new arrangem ent orchestrated and conducted by Bruce Rowland.

Background Notes

The Australian Stock Horse

The horses th a t arrived with the First Fleet into Sydney Cove in January 1788 were essential fo r the early w hite settlers to open up and farm the country. These horses were prim arily Thoroughbred and Spanish stock, but later im portations included Arabs, Tim or and Welsh M ountain Ponies. All horses sent to the colony needed strength and stamina - not only to survive the long sea journey, but also to w ork in the harsh, untam ed environment.

Despite th eir m ixed origins, these horses developed into a small but strong and handsome type, which became known as the "W aler", after the Colony o f New South Wales. The "W aler" has evolved through selective breeding into w hat is known as the Australian Stock Horse, one o f the w orld's m ost versatile, athletic and intelligent breeds of horse.

The Australian Light Horse Cavalry

The "W aler" served the Australian Light Horse Cavalry in the Boer War and the First W orld War. In the Boer War (1899-1902), nearly 16,000 horses served in regiments such as the Lancers, Com m onwealth Horse, M ounted Rifles and Bushmen's Troop. A b o u t 160,000 Australian horses served in W orld War I. Allies and foe recognised that the Australian horses were more reliable and showed greater endurance than the other breeds.

The Man From Snowy River

The horse was im m ortalised in the bush poetry o f Banjo Patterson. All Australian school children learn Patterson's epic poem , The Man From Snowy River. The poem is a tale about the crack horsemen who gather to round up a high priced runaway colt, th a t has taken refuge with a herd o f w ild bush horses, in high mountain country.

Patterson's poem was made into a hit film o f the same name in 1982, starring Tom Burlinson and Kirk Douglas. The title them e song o f the movie, The Man From Snowy River is the song chosen to accompany Australia's 'W elcom e' to the w orld in this segm ent.

Equestrian Sports

Today there are thousands o f young riders who join pony clubs w ith the dream that one day they may represent Australia in the Olympics. Australian equestrian sports came o f age at the Rome O lym pics in 1960. Bill Roycroft rode a perfect round on the third day o f the Team Three Day Event to win the gold medal, despite breaking his collar bone in a fall the previous day.

Performers

The Sydney Symphony Orchestra

The Sydney Sym phony O rchestra, fo u n d e d by the A ustralian B roadcasting Corporation in 1932, is Australia's largest and busiest orchestra. The SSO is resident at the Sydney Opera House. In addition to its 15 concert series, the SSO also perform s regularly in m etropolitan and regional centres. Their annual o utdoor summer pops concert, "Sym phony in the Dom ain", attracts a crowd o f m ore than 100,000 people.

Bruce Rowland

Com poser and conductor Rowland has won three AFI awards fo r his film scores— The Man from Snowy River, Phar Lap, and Rebel. He has w ritten the music fo r seven films directed by George Miller, including Andre, the Seal and fo r a host o f other films, mini-series, cartoons, television series and specials. In this segm ent he is conducting a new arrangem ent o f his original score 'The Man From Snowy River'.

The Australian Stock Horse Society Limited

The Australian Stock Horse Society is a non-profit organisation, set up w ith the mission to maintain the heritage, and prom ote the bloodlines and high perform ance o f the Australian Stock Horse.

Credits for Segments 1 & 2

Director Ignatius Jones

Costume designer Kristian Fredrikson

Ms Anthony's gown designer Carla Zam patti

Bridge 'G 'day' design Ken Done

Composer Bruce Rowland

Horse Master Tony Jablonski

Troop Drill Leader Sr Sgt Donald Eyb o f the NSW M ounted Police

ARRIVAL OF THE HEAD OF STATE AND PERFORMANCE OF THE NATIONAL ANTHEM 7:03pm

Running time: 5:30 minutes

Cue: 'Fanfare' composed for the Opening Ceremony and perform ed by James M orrison, and accom panied by his brother John's band, Swing City.

As the fanfare concludes, Australia's G overnor G eneral, His Excellency the Honourable Sir W illiam Patrick Deane, AC, KBE, and the President o f the IOC, Juan A ntonio Samaranch, move to the Tribune O f Honour.

Cue: The Australian N ational A nthem begins with vocal group Human Nature singing a capella.

They are joined in sequence by the Sydney Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Simone Young, then Julie A nthony and choir drawn from members o f Sing 2001, the Sydney Philharmonia Choirs and the Sydney University Musical Society. The horsemen present the Australian flag to the spectators, and when the anthem has concluded leave the arena, again to the sound o f 'The Man From Snowy River'.

Performers

James Morrison AM

Besides the trum pet, M orrison also plays trom bone, euphonium , flugelhorn, tuba, saxophones, double bass and piano.

A t sixteen, he played with Dizzy Gillespie at the M onterey Jazz Festival in the US. He has played w ith many legends, including Frank Sinatra, Ray Charles, B.B. King, and W ynton Marsalis. M orrison has perform ed fo r dignitaries such as Queen Elizabeth, the Prince and Princess o f Wales, and President Clinton. He also plays in his brother John's band Swing City. His independent label, M orrison Records, produces jazz. He com petes in triathalons, flies his private plane, and races cars.

Human Nature

In 1989 brothers A ndrew & Michael Tierney, to gether w ith school mates Toby Allen and Phil Burton, form ed an a capella vocal group. A fter six years o f perform ing live, Human Nature cut th eir first album 'Telling Everybody', which sold more than half a million copies w orldw ide. Their second album, 'C ounting Down' w ent double platinum and debuted at #1.

Human Nature opened the European 1997 tours o f both Michael Jackson and Celine Dion. The band won the M o Award fo r the Australian Perform er o f the Year in 1998, and was voted M ost Popular Band in the 1999 People's Choice Awards.

Julie Anthony A.M ., O.B.E.

Julie A nthony has won the M o award fo r Entertainer o f the Year three times, and Best Female Vocalist tw elve tim es. In her remarkable career spanning alm ost 30 years, she has played the lead in the W est End musical Irene, and perform s solo cabaret shows in Las Vegas and New York. She has been honoured by the Australian governm ent w ith the O rder o f Australia and by Her Majesty the Queen with an O.B.E.

Simone Young

Simone Young has conducted fo r m ajor opera companies and orchestras here and abroad, including the Berlin Staatsoper, Vienna Staatsoper, M etropolitan O pera, the Royal O pera C ovent Garden, and the New York Philharmonic Orchestra. Young was appointed Chief C onductor o f the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra in 1999, and will take up the position o f Music D irector o f Opera Australia in 2001.

DEEP SEA DREAMING 7:10pm

Running time: 7 minutes

Cue: A small g irl walks to the very centre o f the arena and spreads out her beach towel. As she puts zinc cream on her nose, the stadium lights are extinguished, leaving her illum inated by a spotlight.

The little girl lies dow n and falls asleep on the beach tow el. She dreams about the sea.

She swims in a tropical sea surrounded by exotic fish - unicorn fish, hero fish, angel fish, lionfish, jellyfish, barracuda, eel, Spanish dancer, nudi squid, worm on a hook and groundw orm . She rises on a jellyfish, where she is m et by eight other kids wearing speedos and goggles. They are exhorted to swim faster and faster by Laurie Lawrence, one o f Australia's leading swim m ing coaches.

Music: 'D eep Sea D ream ing' com posed by Elena Kats-Chernin and perform ed by the Sydney Symphony Orchestra and the Sydney Children's Choir, conducted by Simone Young.

Background notes

Deep Sea Dreaming - The largest aerial performance ever staged

Meryl Tankard's "D eep Sea Dream ing" has the largest num ber of people ever raised a loft in an aerial perform ance. Aerial Effects M anager Richard Hartman and Rigging Consultant Reg Dew have configured 11 cables strung 45 metres above the arena, across the 111 m etre space between the stadium grandstands.

Each cable has a travel car th at can raise or lower the sea creatures, the nine boys and girls, and six aerialists, up to 32 metres above the ground. The entire perform ance is coordinated by com puter operators sitting atop the western grandstand.

The 14 floating sea creatures, the 150 school fish, banana eel, manta ray and the nine sea flo or cloths, have been designed and made at Cerem onies' Redfern workshops. Materials used in construction include fibreglass and aluminium fo r the heads and structure, and a large num ber o f fabrics including crystal organza, Japanese silks, plastics, wax paper, polyester and spandex. Australians’ love affair with the ocean Over 80 per cent o f all Australians live in urban centres along the 36,735 kilometres o f coastline. The ocean is part o f our lives, and part o f our lifestyle. When the nation takes a break at Christmas fo r summer, Australians head fo r the beach in th e ir droves. From Surfers Paradise on the Queensland coast, to Bondi Beach in Sydney and Torquay in Victoria, the beaches are d otted with beach towels, beach umbrellas and countless noses are smeared w ith a shield o f zinc cream. Surf lifesavers in brightly coloured skull caps patrol the rip currents, surfers rule the waves, divers explore the underw ater w orld, sun bathers crowd the sand, fisherman cast th eir lines and the kids run free. The Great Barrier Reef The W orld H eritage-listed, Great Barrier Reef is the nation's greatest natural wonder and the w orld's longest coral reef, stretching fo r over 2,000 kilometres along the Queensland coast. Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque Surf Life Saving Association Australian's love o f the beach has led to the creation o f the nationw ide Surf Life Saving Association, a volunteer organisation that patrols the beaches, saves countless lives and has taught generations o f young Australians the fundam entals o f safety in the ocean. Performers Nikki Webster A lthough she is only thirteen years old, Nikki W ebster has been perform ing fo r the past six years. Her television roles include guest roles in GP', and Hom e and Away. In 1998, she co-hosted an episode o f the M idday Show with Kerri-Anne Kennerley. She played Brigitta in the recent production o f The Sound o f Music, and appeared as Young Cossette in Les Misérables. W ebster perform ed at Carols by C andlelight, and she sang 'H istory' w ith Michael Jackson at the Sydney Football Stadium. She is currently in Year 8 at M cDonald College. Laurie Lawrence Indefatigable and enthusiastic swim m ing coach, Laurie Lawrence grew up in Townsville, Queensland where his father "S tum py Lawrence" was the swim m ing coach at the Tobruk swim m ing pool. The Australian swimm ing team used the pool fo r th eir training camp prior to the 1956 Games in M elbourne, and this inspired Lawrence to pursue a career as a swim m ing coach. Am ong his charges have been Jon Sieben, G old M edalist in the 200 metres b utterfly in Los Angeles, and Duncan Arm strong, G old M edalist in the 200 metres freestyle in Seoul. Cast The 533 cast mem bers fo r Deep Sea Dream ing are drawn from : • Children from the Perform ing Arts Unit (as sea cloths, school fish, manta ray and banana eel) • Volunteers from martial arts clubs • Four girls and fo u r boys all o f whom have a dance or gymnastic background make up the swim m ing team (The boys are elite level fo r th eir age and their coach hopes th a t some o f them will represent Australia in 2008 Games). Credits Director Meryl Tankard Costume designer Dan Potra Composer Elena Kats-Chernin Choreographer Meryl Tankard Aerial effects manager Richard Hartman 24 t t = a I p q j l 4. AWAKENING Running time: 8 minutes 7:17pm Cue: Aw akening spirits guide our hero g irl from Deep Sea Dream ing to Djakapurra Munyarryun the songman, who calls the new generation o f spirits. Indigenous people from across Australia and the Torres Strait Islands have united for this ceremony, to awaken this site at Homebush and welcom e the world. As the spirits awaken, the songman sings 'G ultha' (the smoking song). The spirits are drawn to the heartbeat o f the land by the chant and dance o f the women o f the Central Desert singing the 'Inma Kungkarankalpa', (the seven Emu Sisters). The wom en rebirth the land and awaken its spirit as ochre fills the air. As song custodian, Don Nundihirribala sings 'D hunbalar' (the flag songs) which calls men and women of Arnhem Land from the com m unities o f Numbulwar, Yirrkala, Ramingining and M anningrida. They dance the traditional bush march, which once welcom ed the Maccassan traders some four centuries ago. To the percussion o f Kulups rattling, the men and wom en from the Torres Strait Islands dance, 'A um uller' the rhythm dance, th at celebrates the peoples and energies o f the Torres Strait Islands. O ur Songmen then begins the Dhum Dhum dance o f the red kangaroo, as the Koorie clan o f NSW dance to the clap of boom erangs. Young men and wom en, the new generation o f the host lands, revive ancient steps celebrating th eir survival, and w elcom ing the newcomers to their land. The clans then gather around drums o f burning eucalyptus leaves, rekindling kinship and cleansing this site on Darug lands. The birthing o f the Gjorn Gjorn, helpers o f the ancestral creation spirit the W andjina from the Kim berley Ranges, hover. As the clans unite they rekindle and dem onstrate th e ir com m unity, kinship and spiritual relationships w ith the land, paying respect and honour to the Aboriginal language groups o f Sydney. As the clans unite, they birth the W andjina-ancestral creation spirit and lawmaker. W ith a roar o f thunder, the W andjina flings a lightning b o lt to ignite the bushfire, that w ill regenerate the land. Music: 'Aw akening' music design by David Page, Stephen Page. C om posers: Stephen Francis, D jakapurra M unyarryun, Don N undihirribala, Peggy Misi, Elma Kris,M atthew Doyle, Ngaanyatiarra Pitja ntj atja ra Ya n ku nytj atja ra. Songman: Reginald Nundihirribala Yirdaki (didjeridu): M irrwatnga Munyarryun Background notes ■ e a Wandjina W andjina are ancestral creation spirits central to cultural beliefs o f the north-western Kim berley peoples. There are many Wandjinas and each has a specific name. Each W andjina is also connected to a particular skin group. Wandjinas are creators o f the universe, various landform s and the seasons such as the monsoons. The W andjina in 'A w akening' has been developed in consultation with the traditional custodians from the W orora, Ngarinjin and W anambul language groups of the M owanjum com m unity. It encompasses a num ber o f Wandjina: Namarili who taught people to create smoke in order to cleanse a place, and Wanarili who creates lightning. This pow erful, image o f the creation spirit has the support of the traditional owners and custodians. It has been stylised to represent the diversity and pow er o f A boriginal cultures and th eir continuing relationship w ith the land. « S : * 25 Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque Performers The Wandjina Cloth by Peter England The 32 m etre diam eter W andjina Cloth is designed by Peter England. The cloth depicts a gold faced W andjina w ith rays radiating outwards, on an ochre and black background. Peter England who graduated from NIDA in 1994, designed the giant floating lanterns fo r Sydney's M illennium celebrations. He has designed numerous opera, dance and theatre productions including award-winning designs fo r Opera Australia's M adam Butterfly. Gjorn Gjorn and the Bradshaw figures The Gjorn Gjorn are the 'Bradshaw' figures, the helpers o f the Wandjina. The Bradshaw figures are finely painted, rock paintings o f great antiquity and com plexity, th a t are found w idely distributed throughout the Kim berley Ranges in Western Australia. The figures are named after Joseph Bradshaw, an explorer w ho led an expedition into the Kim berley in search o f good pastoral land in A pril 1891. Bradshaw figures d epict people in ceremonial attire, some wearing long tapered headdresses, often with tasselled tips, while others are oval with short rear feathers. Bangles, long elbow tassels and tasselled skirts are also comm on. The depiction o f m ultiple-barbed spears suggests that they predate the developm ent o f m odern Indigenous weapons. There has been considerable debate over precisely where the figures fit in Indigenous history. Reconciliation This perform ance sym bolising diversity and unity fo r A boriginal nations, comes at a tim e when the Australia is grappling w ith the issue o f reconciliation. Over the past decade, this process has becom e a central social and political issue, w ith the enactm ent o f Native Title legislation and the recognition o f past wrongs against Indigenous Australians. This process reached a watershed on May 29 this year, when 250,000 Australians o f all backgrounds walked across the Sydney Harbour Bridge to symbolise a unity o f purpose in achieving reconciliation. Djakapurra Munyarryun Born in Arnhem Land, and from the Dhalingbuy clan, Djakapurra's life has been steeped in traditional dance and ceremony. He joined Bangarra Dance Theatre in 1991 as a principal dancer, and is the company's driving cultural and creative consultant. Djakapurra danced lead roles in Praying M antis Dreaming, Ninni, Ochres and Fish. In the ABC's M illennium Broadcast, he perform ed at the sunrise ceremony at Uluru. New Spirits representing the urban, rural and regional areas of NSW This group o f 400 men and w om en is drawn from 45 groups, including schools, dance students, tertiary education colleges, ensembles and professional com m unity dance companies. They pay respect to those language groups and ancestors, and creation spirits o f the Eora nation which translated means 'the People'. A large coastal group from NSW, the Eora are com posed o f several smaller groups, such as G adigal/C adigal (whose te rrito ry includes Circular Quay and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney); Kurring gai; Wangal; W alum edegal; Durruk/D haruk/Darug, (inland people who live w est o f Parramatta and in the Blue Mountains); Dharawal/Tharawal and the Gandangara. 26 NSW Nationskoori clan 100 men and wom en from 17 high schools and dance groups, represent the Sydney language groups and the east coast o f NSW language groups, such as Biripi, Geawegal, W iradjuri, Bundjalung, G idbal, Awakabal D unghutti and Gumbainggir. Central Desert Women The 350 central desert wom en represent the NPY W omen's Council ( Ngaanyatjarra, Pitjantjara and Yankuntjatjara). There are 33 language groups from this area, including the Tjupany from M eekatharra in the west, the Kokatha from South Australia, the W arluwarra o f M t Isa in Queensland and the Arrente o f Alice Springs in the N orthern Territory. Some o f the wom en initially walked fo r five days, to be involved in the ceremony. Arnhem Land Dancers 200 men and w om en represent the Yirritja and Dhuwa m oieties, from the com m unities o f Numbulwar, Yirrikal, M aningrida and Ramingining. This includes many o f the Arnhem Land Homeland schools outstations. Torres Strait Islanders Dancers 100 Torres S traight Islander boys and girls are drawn from five groups in North Queensland. There are also a group o f elders from the islands o f Torres Strait. Stilt Walkers and Wandjina art work Eight non-indigenous stilt walkers represent the Gjorn Gjorn or Bradshaw figures, and the W andjina A rt from the M ownajum comm unity. Credits Directors Stephen Page, Rhoda Roberts Designer Peter England Costume designer Jennifer Irwin Composer David Page Choreographer Stephen Page Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque m = m B E ® b=® B S 3 Ü E E S I m ® IP h bISI ■ C ® E ) j i l 5. FIRE Running time: 3minutes 7:25pm Background notes Cue: The g ia nt W andjina brings forth lightning which engulfs the arena. This causes a huge flame to eru pt in fro n t o f the stage at the northern end, where 140 firebreathers, 20 flam ing stiltwalkers and 40 flam ing club swingers are assembled. The firebreathers blo w puffs o f flame 3 to 4 metres long as they move o ff toge ther across the field. On the upper stage, 20 rhythm ic percussionists surrounded by 25 firebreathers begin to play. To rhythm ic percussion, the fire breathers accom panied by flame carrying gymnasts and stiltwalkers drive the fire across the arena. In the centre o f the field all 140 firebreathers breathe in unison creating an inferno. They continue across the arena as the fire slowly extinguishes, leaving small blackened clumps o f vegetation. Fire is a significant feature o f the Australian landscape. It was used by Aboriginal peoples to regenerate the bush, and the great bushfires that can burn uncontrolled across the landscape are a recurring natural disaster, that has shaped Australians' relationship w ith the land. Music: 'Fire' com posed by Michael Askill and perform ed by Michael Askill Fire Percussion. Aboriginal use of bushfires A boriginals have long used fire to control the bush. The Aboriginals practised firestick farm ing, burning small areas o f land. This prom oted the grow th o f new tender shoots o f grass attracting kangaroo and wallaby. The hunter used spears tip p e d with fire-hardened w ood. Fire and Australian plants Much o f Australia's native vegetation regenerates itself after a fire - in fact some plants and trees need the fierce heat o f a bush fire to survive. For example, the Banksia seed pods require intense heat to burst open, which allows the seeds to fall to the ground. Great bushfires Bushfires occur across the country every summer but from tim e to tim e great conflagrations occur. On "Black Friday", 13 January 1939, 71 people died and 1.5 m illion hectares o f land was devastated in southern and north eastern Victoria. In February 1983, after a tw o week heat wave, a fire storm developed in the hills to the east o f Adelaide, and over the next few days spread across Victoria. Seventy five people perished and 335,000 hectares o f bush and farm land, as well as 2,500 homes were destroyed. Just after Christmas in 1993, bushfires in which four people died encircled Sydney, raging into many suburban areas. The Australian volunteer rural bush fire services Every precinct across the country has a volunteer fire service unit dedicated to preventing the destruction w rought by bushfires. During the 1993 Sydney bushfires, units from all over Australia travelled to Sydney to help protect the city from the encircling fires. In A ugust this year, Australian firefighting crews flew to the United States o f Am erica to assist in the fig htin g the w orst US wildfires fo r fifty years. 29 Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque Performers • 150 firebreathers • 40 club swingers • 20 flam ing stiltwalkers Credits Director David Atkins Composer Michael Askill Choreographer Jason Coleman HWtwmgBmnassiffl Background notes Performers 6. NATURE Running time: 9:30m in Cue: The blackened vegetation le ft by the fire slow ly germinates. Hundreds o f puppeteers and perform ers bring to life some o f Australia's unique flora and fauna, th a t have developed th eir unique characteristics in this isolated continent. The whole arena germinates, w ith hundreds o f Waratah (red), Sturt Desert Peas (red and black), W ater Lillies (pink), and Banskia (yellow) making a floral statem ent. W ater fills the billabongs and then m ore flowers - Honey M yrtle (pink and purple), Blue Lechnaultia and Swamp Daisies grow and transform into a painting by Jeffrey Samuels depicting kangaroo, echidna, swan, w om bat, turtle, platypus and goanna. W hen Djakapurra reappears, he finds our little girl in a Waratah in the centre o f the arena, surrounded by a kaleidoscope o f colour. Music: 'N ature ' com posed and conducted by Chong Lim. Performed by the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. Australia’s unique flora and fauna Australia is known fo r its eucalypts w ith their distinctive fragrance and the golden flow ered w attle, from which Australia has derived its green and gold sporting colours. But Australia has thousands o f other unique species o f flow ering plants, that bring the desert or bush alive w ith a sea o f colour follow ing rain. Australia is probably best known fo r its unique marsupials such as the kangaroo, w om bat and koala, th at carry their young in pouches. Perhaps even more unusual are the egg laying m onotrem es - the echidna w ith its spiny protective coat and the platypus th a t swims and sports a duckbill. The black swan seen here is just one o f an incredible num ber of Australian bird species, such as the m ulti-coloured lorikeets and rosellas, and the kookaburra whose fam iliar "la ug h" is often heard along watercourses in the bush. The goanna depicted here is the world's second largest species o f lizard, and the turtle represents the reptilian sea life o f the tropical north. Jeffrey Samuels Jeffrey Samuels is a background animation artist w ith Aboriginal Nations Pty Ltd, a com pany th at animates traditional 'Dram atise' stories from Indigenous communities. Samuels' w ork is in many collections, including the Powerhouse Museum, the A rt Gallery o f New South Wales, and the National Gallery. He also designs book covers, wine labels, and posters. Chong Lim Chong Lim is Musical D irector fo r John Farnham, Kylie M inogue, Olivia Newton-John, the Logie Awards, and the Dilli Concert. He w rote Crown Casino's Atrium score, and has produced Tommy Emmanuel and Human Nature. Bjelke Petersen Bros School of Physical Culture The m ajority o f the volunteers fo r "N a ture " are girls 16 years and up drawn from Bjelke Petersen Bros School o f Physical C ulture. BJP have been teaching choreographed flo o r exercises, dance and ballet to girls o f all ages since opening th eir first gymnasium 108 years ago. 7:28pm 31 Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque Cast 803 volunteers and 133 segm ent assistants drawn from physical culture students from the Bjelke Petersen Bros School o f Physical Culture, operators o f the Austro-Chinese Dragon Boats and children from Lucas Heights High School. Credits Director Peter Wilson Designer Eamon D'Arcy Costume designer Eamon D 'Arcy Fauna Painting Designer Jeffrey Samuels o f Boomalli Aboriginal Artists C ooperative Composer Chong Lim Choreographer Doug Jack 32 mmsgnggnmiflmsssmsasBEi Background notes 7. TIN SYMPHONY 7:37Pm Running time: 12 minutes Cue: A tandem cycle enters the arena ridden by three naval officers. The riders, carrying telescopes and sketchbooks, look in w onderm ent at the flora and fauna. When they reach the centre, they stop and raise a flag. Black metal men invade the arena. They are drawn from Sidney Nolan's paintings o f the "bushranger" (outlaw) Ned Kelly, which captured the vitality and violence o f the form ative years o f Australian settlem ent. Nigel Jamieson's "Tin Sym phony" is a celebration o f Australian "larrikinism ", and the energy, hum our and ingenuity, th at powered the settlem ent o f the bush. "Tin Sym phony" takes its inspiration from the ubiquitous wind mills, derricks and w ater tanks o f rural Australia, and the improvised machinery used to thresh wheat, ground rock, pum p water, and sustain a fragile hold on life. Its energy is inspired by the frantic nature o f the early years, and the gold rush with towns springing up overnight. Fantastic machinery enters the arena as apparatus fo r gymnasts, athletes and circus perform ers, from where they spiral and pirouette in the air. The perform ers dem onstrate the link between the physicality o f the opening up o f the bush, and the athleticism o f Australia's perform ing arts and sporting prowess. The epic agricultural machinery gives way to dancing lawnmowers in form ation, reflecting the suburban dream o f the '50s, where agricultural ingenuity was subsumed into m aintaining the quarter acre block, in what became one o f the w orld's most urban societies. Music: 'Tin Sym phony' com posed by Ian Cooper, John Frolich and Paul Grabowsky, perform ed by the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. The Encounter Bicycle Ship In 1770 Captain James Cook surveyed the east coast o f Australia landing in Sydney's Botany Bay. The enraptured accounts o f the flora and fauna they found was one factor th at led to European settlem ent in 1788. The Kelly Horse The firebreathing steel horse created out o f derricks and pieces o f agricultural machinery, represents a technology th at had calamitous effects on the Indigenous inhabitants o f Australia. Larrikinism A term fo r irreverence, w it and m istrust of authority. It was a characteristic of the early settlem ent, and is a part o f the contem porary Australian character. Ned Kelly One o f the great "larrikins" o f Australian history Ned Kelly was a "bushranger" (outlaw), who became an Australian "Robin H ood". During his tw o years on the run, he was famous fo r deeds such as holding a com m unity in the local pub while he robbed the bank, then buying them all a drink. A t his last stand against the police at Glenrowan in Victoria, he came out shooting dressed in iron headgear and armour made from beaten plough shares. He was hanged in M elbourne Jail in 1880 fo r the m urder o f a policem an. ■ : * 33 Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque Sir Sidney Nolan (1 9 1 7 -1 9 9 2 ) Performers One o f Australia's finest artists, Sir Sidney Nolan began painting his "N e d Kelly" series in 1946. The series, which captures the ligh t and colours o f the Australian bush, is a reflection o f the fascination th a t Australians have always held fo r the paradoxical figure o f Ned Kelly. Rain water tanks In the dry, drought-prone Australian outback the ubiquitous rain w ater tank that collects w ater from roofs and underground bores, and its com panion the w indm ill are an essential part o f rural life. Corrugated iron Throughout the Australian countryside and many suburbs, galvanised, corrugated iron ('Tin') glistens, or rusts in the sun. It is used as roofing fo r houses, sheds and warehouses, as fencing, and fo r the rainwater tanks th at d o t the landscape. Woodchopping A feature o f the agricultural shows th a t go from tow n to tow n, and city to city through the year, is the w oodchopping contest, where men o f iron reduce m ighty logs to chips in seconds. The Melbourne Cup On the first Tuesday in November, the nation stops fo r the running o f the M elbourne Cup, a horse race run over 3,200 metres at Flem ington Racecourse in M elbourne. Primary production The nation's prosperity was founded on both agricultural and m ining exports. Sheep shearers, w ith one o f the toughest o f all jobs were the backbone o f the nation. It used to be said th a t "Australia rides on the sheep's back". The lawnmower ballet A fte r W orld W ar II, w ith a boom ing econom y and hope fo r a better w orld, the Australian dream o f a fam ily home on a "quarter acre block" became a reality. Every weekend, you could hear the buzz o f the tw o stroke lawnm ower keeping the quarter acre block neat and tidy, the yells o f backyard cricket and the sizzle o f the barbecue. Legs On The Wall Legs On The Wall are a quintessential Australian theatre company, th a t integrates acrobatic skill and aerial im agery in a no-holds-barred approach to story telling. Since 1984, the com pany has used skyscrapers, shopping malls and theatres as perform ance spaces th ro ug h ou t Australia and the w orld. Whipcrackers and Platters Association The Australian W hipcrackers and Platters Association has assembled 40 members from throughout Australia fo r this mass dem onstration o f the art o f cracking a stockwhip. 34 Cast The 967 cast fo r 'Tin Sym phony' are also drawn from the: NSW Gymnastics Association (tanks and boxes and agricultural machinery) Erth (aerial firew ork Kellys) Ceroc Dance Group (Tin Men) NSW Irish Dance Schools NSW Axem en's Association Aeralise (Ladder Machine) Surfers and skateboarders (Tanks) Cycle Clubs Rock clim bing Clubs Cam perwell School o f Perform ing Arts and Nepean Campus o f the University o f W estern Sydney A large num ber o f parents have also given th eir tim e to make 'Tin Symphony' possible. Credits Director Nigel Jamieson Designer Dan Potra Costume designer Nigel Jamieson, Dan Potra Composer Ian Cooper, John Frolich, Paul Grabowsky Choreographers Karen Johnson M ortim er, Doug Jack B i d i c==a 35 Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque « = 3 * ■ = = ■ * = : = ■ « = : = ■ ) Background notes 17:49pm Running time: 10 minutes Cue: From each entrance to the arena, groups o f 100 adults and 50 children representing arrivals to Australia from each o f the five continents, enter and form into the five O lym pic rings. "A rrivals" celebrates the people o f many cultures, races, creeds and religions that today call Australia home and recognises th at Australia owes its growth, population and cosm opolitan society to successive waves o f arrivals. The groups enter in the order o f Africa, Asia, the Americas, Europe and Oceania. Spectacular contem porary costum es and five huge masks representing each continent are displayed w ithin each ring. For the finale, the adults leave and the groups are joined by a further 1750 children. Music: 'A rrivals' com posed by Pee Wee Ferris. 'U nder Southern Skies' com posed by Damien Halloran and Maria M illw ard and perform ed by the Sydney Symphony Orchestra; w ith soloist Nikki Webster. Early Australia The first non-indigenous Australians were mainly o f English, Scottish, Irish and Welsh descent, although there were significant com m unities from other countries, including China, the Pacific Islands and Germany. M ost Australians used to refer to Britain as "h o m e ", but now "h om e " can be anywhere in the w orld. Populate or perish! A fter W orld War II, it was clear that there was a need to populate Australia's vast and em pty continent. So up w ent the cry, "populate or perish" and imm igrants and refugees from every corner o f the globe sought a new life in Australia, some o f whose children will be com peting here in Sydney. Cosmopolitan Australia The waves o f arrivals and Australia's policy o f "m ulticulturalism " has created a society th at both encourages and blends w orld cultures in cuisine, architecture, design, fashion, art, sport and business. Under southern skies There's a peace in our hearts and a hope in our hands, W e're the fam ily o f children; we come from many lands O ur tim e is just beginning, our race is yet to run, But if you'll take us w ith you, then we have already won. There's a great spirit rising from the desert to the sea. As it sweeps across this southern land it calls to you and me. You're the dream er and the dream ing, you're the face o f things to come. Every child can be a hero if our w orld can live as one. Com posed by Damien Halloran and Maria M illward 8. ARRIVALS 37 Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque Performers Cast Costume and mask designers 2000 children and 500 adult volunteers. 750 adults and children from various m ulticultural groups. 1,750 children from both Perform ing Arts U nit dance groups and Sing 2001 groups make up the Southern Skies portion. There are approxim ately 40 segm ent assistants. Jenny Kee - Africa and the Americas A pioneer o f Australian style, Kee has transform ed our unique flora and fauna into vibrant fashion. Her Opal designs were used by Chanel in Paris, and her koala knits worn by Diana, Princess o f Wales. She has had many commissions, including w ork fo r Parliament House in Canberra. Lisa Ho - Asia Lisa Ho designs cashmere knits, dresses, swimwear and jeans, sold in her five concept stores around Australia, as well as in England, Asia, and America. Ho started out in 1982, w ith 50's inspired cotton bikinis, which she sold at a Sydney m arket stall. Norma Moriceau - Europe Moriceau has designed costumes fo r many great Australian films, such as Babe Pig in the City, Crocodile Dundee, and M ad Max Beyond Thunderdom e. She has won three AFI awards fo r best costum e design. Peter Morrissey - Oceania Peter Morrissey has been a leading Australian designer since the early '80s. Recent achievements include his collaboration w ith desert artist Jacinta Numina Waugh, and his Flag T-shirt, now in the Powerhouse Museum collection. Credits Director Lex Marinos Designer Eamon D 'Arcy Costume designers Jenny Kee— Africa, the Americas; Peter Morrisey— Oceania, Norma M oriceau— Europe, Lisa Ho— Asia Choreographer Jason Coleman i M j m = = m E C 2 B mm mm m m 1 = » m m « = ■ mm mm mm m m mm mm mm a t » 0 = = » mm mm f f r r — c e u i ail a o 9. ETERNITY 7 : 5 9 Pm Running time: llm in u tes Cue: A single Tap Dog, the foreman, rises from the floor o f the stage and begins a 45 second solo tap dance as construction begins around him. He calls his crew, first 12 dogs then 150 others, and they set to work building scaffolding stages. Lit by the sparks o f hand-held grinders, 500 more tap dancers join them , and then another 500 in the aisles, joining forces and rhythm ically building to a crescendo. This is the visceral, swarthy tap dancing created by Nigel T riffitt and choreographer Dein Perry in their hit musical, Tap Dogs. Ropes are pulled and cranes erected as a bridge appears. The bridge is the bridge of life, o f connection and reconciliation. Eternity is a tribu te to all the workers who have made Australia great-the people who b uilt the docks, roads, bridges and buildings; the factories, schools and hospitals; the roads and railways to make Australia what it is today. The structure opens out into a huge star and people from every section o f the O pening Cerem ony storm the arena, gathering to form a giant m ulti-coloured, m ulticultural mandala. Djakapurra and the little girl m eet again and rise high into the air. As all the perform ers bid farewell, the Sydney Harbour Bridge appears, with the word "E te rnity" em blazoned across the steel arch. Music: 'E ternity' com posed and conducted by David Hirschfelder. Performed by the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. Background Tap Dogs The inspiration fo r this segm ent comes o ut o f Tap Dogs, a unique theatrical experience - part theatre and part dance, part rock concert and part construction site. W earing Blundstones (Tasmanian made w ork boots) and jeans, the athletic sextet construct intricate rhythms on an ingenious steel and w ood set in a ninety-m inute rough, tough and rocking spectacular. Created by Nigel T riffitt and choreographer Dein Perry, since its debut in Sydney, in early 1995, Tap Dogs has successfully toured Australia, the UK, Asia, Europe and the US - 36 countries in all. It has gathered a collection of awards, including the 1996 O livier Award fo r Best Choreography. There are now four companies o f Tap Dogs leaving dents on stages around the w orld. T riffitt has designed and directed many productions, including The Rocky H orror Show, G um boots, (currently touring the US). Internationally famous fo r his unique style and vision, his shows have been touring the w orld fo r 20 years. Arthur Stace and ‘Eternity’ Sydney identity, A rthur Stace was a reform ed alcoholic who converted to Christianity in 1930. For the next 35 years, Stace w rote the single word 'E ternity' in chalk, on pavements and buildings all over Sydney. M ost o f his w ork was washed away within a few days. However, one exam ple from 1963 survives on the inside o f the largest bell at the old Sydney Post O ffice in M artin Place. The Airboard A new type o f leisure craft called the 'A irb oa rd ' is being used fo r first tim e in 'Eternity' to nig ht. The A irboard is easy to ride and floats on a cushion o f air. Riders can travel at a speed o f up to 25kph while m anoeuvring into turns using a com bination o f w eight transfer and th ro ttle control. Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque Performers The Airboard is 1.6 meters in diam eter and can be riden on a num ber o f surfaces including grass and bitum en. Inventor Kevin Inkster who was inspired after watching Michael J Fox riding a hoverboard in the m ovie Back to the Future said, "This is a to ta lly new and exciting kind o f vehicle designed fo r all skill levels and I can see a new sport coming o ut o f it". The A irboard will be dem onstrated at a num ber o f venues around Sydney during the Games. Adam Garcia Solo tap dancer Adam Garcia is the star o f the new film Bootm en (choreographed by Dein Perry), to be released shortly w orldw ide by Twentieth Century Fox. Australian-born Garcia, won rave reviews last year fo r his electric perform ance as Tony Manero in the West End production o f Saturday N igh t Fever. Garcia is now hot property, after his lead role in C oyote Ugly fo r Touchstone Pictures. David Hirschfelder David Flirschfelder's w ork on Shine and Elizabeth earned him tw o Academ y award nom inations fo r Best Score. Fie has won tw o British Film and TV Academ y Awards fo r Strictly Ballroom and Elizabeth. Cast: • 150 tap dancers from the casts o f Tap Dogs, H ot Shoe Shuffle and Steel City • 500 tap dancers from tap dance schools, the Performing Arts U nit and auditions • 500 jazz dancers • 12abseilers • 16 airboard riders • 250 cast from 'Arrivals', 200 from 'Tin Symphony', 350 from 'Aw akening', 150 from 'Fire', 160 from 'N ature' and 60 from 'D eep Sea Dream ing' • 130 support crew, drivers, crane operators, fireworks men. Credits Director & Designer Nigel Triffitt Bridge 'Eternity' design Ken Done Tap and music producer Laurence M addy Composer David Hirschfelder Tap choreographer Dein Perry Assistant tap choreographer Nathan Sheens Mandala choroegrapher Doug Jack Airboard choreographer Jason Coleman 40 m = 9 y j - ' Tg f f T -T g *=a m m mm m m u p p a IP 31 EP3B mm mm i mm mm i t p ^ a mm mm m'm mm mm m o m « m u | p : l l m-u 10. SYDNEY 2000 OLYMPIC BAND 8 io Pm Running time: 8 minutes Cue: The Sydney 2000 O lym pic Band enters the arena punctuated by the thundering percussion o f hundreds o f drums m arking th eir time. The band plays a m edley o f tunes, form s into the Sydney O lym pic Logo, and then marches en masse to the northern end o f the stadium to announce the Parade of Athletes. Music: The songs o f the Band's medley: • 'Also Sprach Zarathustra' • 'Chariots o f Fire' • 'O de to Joy' • 'Bugler's Dream' • 'W altzing M atilda' • 'O lym pic Fanfare & Theme '84'. Background Sydney 2 0 0 0 Olympic Band The Sydney 2000 O lym pic Band is a 2000 piece ensemble specially form ed to perform at the O pening Ceremony. It is made up o f perform ers from high school age to young adults, from 20 countries around the w orld: Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Fiji, France, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Tonga, the United Kingdom and the United States. Assembled by the US-based company W orld Projects C orporation, band members have been rehearsing in th eir home countries fo r the past tw o years. The band came to ge th er in Bathurst, nine days prior to the O pening Ceremony, to live, train and rehearse together. This is alm ost certainly the largest marching band ever to perform . It has taken tim e, com m itm ent and dedication to achieve the standard dem anded by Cerem onies' producers and Band D irector Barry Spanier. The band uniform is a salute to Australia, with all mem bers wearing a special edition o f Australia's unofficial "bush uniform ", the Drizabone raincoat and the Akubra hat. Barry Spanier Marching band suprem o Barry Spanier has been brought to Australia to oversee the m ulti-national Sydney 2000 O lym pic Band. Spanier has been D irector of the Center fo r Music Performance at New York University since '96. He was Venue Band C oordinator fo r the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, D irector o f Music fo r W orld Expo 88 in Australia, and Associate C onductor o f the University o f Southern California Trojan Bands '80-'85. In 1992 Spanier was founder and Executive Producer o f the Gallatin Arts Festival and Production M anager fo r the Dem ocratic National Convention, both in New York. Credits Artistic Director & Conductor Barry Spanier Costume Design Kristian Fredrickson Choreography Barry Spanier Music arranger Ken Dye Percussion director Dave Glyde Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque PARADE OF TH E ATHLETES There are now athletes from 200 nations taking part in the Parade of the Athletes. Brunei Darussalam will be marching between British Virgin Islands and Bulgaria. Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque W h - B iK = * tr=« n a ; s = a 11. PARADE OF THE ATHLETES 8:18pm Running time: 1 hour 20 minutes Cue: A placard bearer announcing the team from Greece enters the stadium, ahead o f the flag bearer and the Greek national O lym pic team. Greece is follow ed by the other national teams, who march in English alphabetical order, counter-clockwise around the track, passing the Tribune o f Honour. Host nation Australia, is the last team to enter. The teams enter the centre field from the northern end o f the stadium directly in front o f the stage, and assemble in national team order. The national flag o f each team is carried to the main stage where all flags are assembled surrounding the stage. During the Parade o f Athletes, the Sydney 2000 O lym pic Band plays the follow ing songs to welcom e the athletes. For the larger nations: 'La Cum parsita' - Argentina 'Derevensky vais I polka' - Belarus 'Brazil' - Brazil 'Na M egdana' - Bulgaria 'U p C ountry Jig ' - Canada 'Liu Yao Jin' - China 'G uantanam era' - Cuba 'Slavonic Dance' - Czech Republic 'Festival Prelude' - Denmark 'Les M isérables M edley' - France 'Schutzenliesel' - Germany 'Pom p & Circumstances' - G reat Britain 'Radetsky M arch' - Hungary 'M arch from A ida' - Italy 'Sakura' (Cherry Blossom) - Japan 'A rirang' - Korea 'Jarabe Tapatio' - Mexico 'Hollandse Klompendansen' - Netherlands 'Pokarekare' - New Zealand 'Hall o f the M t King' - Norway 'K arolinka' - Poland 'Batuta De Dragaia' - Romania 'Russian Sher' - Russian Federation 'Siyaham ba' - South Africa 'A m parita Roca' - Spain 'The W inner Takes it A ll' - Sweden 'A rkan' - Ukraine 'Born in the USA' / 'Stars & Stripes' - USA 43 Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque For the smaller nations: 'M arch o f the O lym pians' 'Procession o f Nobles' 'The W arriors' 'O lym pic Fanfare and Them e '84' 'Bugler's Dream' 'Chariots o f Fire' 'Percussion Cadences' ror the Australian O lym pic Team: 'The Land Down U nder' - Men A t W ork's '80's ode fo r the travelling Australian. 'A long the Road to G undagai' - A homesick ballad about the the w inding track home. 'Click Go the Shears' - Jaunty tune about the bustle o f the sheep shearing shed. 'Tie Me Kangaroo D ow n' - Rolf Harris' zany Aussie hit from the '60's. 'I am Australian' - Bruce W oodley's beautiful ballad about who is essentially Australian. 'W altzing M atilda' - Banjo Patterson's ballad about a swagman has becom e Australia's unofficial National Anthem . ||QC Code Country |IOC Code Country 1. GRE Greece 2. ALB Albania 3. ALG Algeria 4. ASA American Samoa 5. AND Andorra 6. ANG Angola 7. ANT Antigua and Barbuda 8. ARG Argentina 9. ARM Armenia 10. ARU Aruba 11. AUT Austria 12. AZE Azerbaijan 13. BAH Bahamas 14. BRN Bahrain 15. BAN Bangladesh 16. BAR Barbados 17. BLR Belarus 18. BEL Belgium 19. BIZ Belize 20. BEN Benin 21. BER Bermuda 22. BHU Bhutan 23. BOL Bolivia 24. BIH Bosnia and Herzegovina 25. BOT Botswana 26. BRA Brazil 27. IVB British Virgin Islands 28. BUL Bulgaria 29. BUR Burkina Faso 30. BDI Burundi 31. CAM Cambodia 32. CMR Cameroon 33. CAN Canada 34. CPV Cape Verde 35. CAY Cayman Islands 36. CAF Central African Republic 37. CHA Chad 38. CHI Chile 39. CHN People's Republic o f China 40. COL Colombia 41. COM Comoros 42. CGO Congo 43. COK Cook Islands 44. CRC Costa Rica 45. CIV Côte d'Ivoire 46. CRO Croatia 47. CUB Cuba 48. CYP Cyprus 49. CZE Czech Republic 50. PRK Democratic People's Republic < 51. COD Dem ocratic Rep. o f the Congo 52. DEN Denmark 53. DJI Djibouti 54. DM A Dominica 55. 56. DOM Dominican Republic ECU Ecuador 57. EGY Egypt 58. ESA El Salvador 59. GEQ Equatorial Guinea 60. ERI Eritrea 61. EST Estonia 62. ETH Ethiopia 63. FIJ Fiji 64. FIN Finland 65. MKD Former Yugoslav Republic o f Macedor 66. FRA France 67. GAB Gabon 68. GAM Gambia 69. GEO Georgia 70. GER Germany 71. GHA Ghana 72. GBR Great Britain 73. GRN Grenada 74. GUM Guam 75. GUA Guatemala 76. GUI Guinea 77. GBS Guinea-Bissau 78. GUY Guyana 79. HAI Haïti 80. HON Honduras 81. HKG Hong Kong, China 82. HUN Hungary 83. ISL Iceland 84. IND India 85. INA Indonesia 86. IRI Islamic Republic o f Ira 87. IRQ Iraq 88. IRL Ireland 89. ISR Israel 90. ITA Italy 91. JAM Jamaica 92. JPN Japan 93. JOR Jordan 94. KAZ Kazakhstan 95. KEN Kenya 96. KOR Korea 97. KUW Kuwait 98. KGZ Kyrgyzstan 99. LAO Lao People's Democratic Republic 100. LAT Latvia 101. LIB Lebanon 102. LES Lesotho 103. LBR Liberia 104. LBA Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 105. LIE Liechtenstein 106. LTU Lithuania 107. LUX Luxembourg 108. MAD Madagascar 45 Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque ||QC Code Country ||QC Code Country 109. MAW Malawi 155. STP Sao Tome and Principe 110. MAS Malaysia 156. KSA Saudi Arabia 111. MDV Maldives 157. SEN Senegal 112. MU Mali 158. SEY Seychelles 113. MLT Malta 159. SLE Sierra Leone 114. MTN Mauritania 160. SIN Singapore 115. MRI Mauritius 161. SVK Slovakia 116. MEX Mexico 162. SLO Slovenia 117. FSM Federated States o f Micronesia 163. SOL Solomon Islands 118. M DA Republic o f Moldova 164. SOM Somalia 119. M ON Monaco 165. RSA South Africa 120. MGL M ongolia 166. ESP Spain 121. MAR Morocco 167. SRI Sri Lanka 122. MOZ Mozambique 168. SUD Sudan 123. MYA Myanmar 169. SUR Suriname 124. NAM Namibia 170. SWZ Swaziland 125. NRU Nauru 171. SWE Sweden 126. NEP Nepal 172. SUI Switzerland 127. NED Netherlands 173. SYR Syrian Arab Republic 128. AHO Netherlands Antilles 174. TPE Chinese Taipei 129. NZL New Zealand 175. TJK Tajikistan 130. NCA Nicaragua 176. TAN United Republic of Tanzania 131. NIG Niger 177. THA Thailand 132. NGR Nigeria 178. TOG Togo 133. NOR Norway 179. TGA Tonga 134. O M A Oman 180. TRI Trinidad and Tobago 135. PAK Pakistan 181. TUN Tunisia 136. PLW Palau 182. TUR Turkey 137. PLE Palestine 183. TKM Turkmenistan 138. PAN Panama 184. UGA Uganda 139. PNG Papua New Guinea 185. UKR Ukraine 140. PAR Paraguay 186. UAE United Arab Emirates 141. PER Peru 187. USA United States o f American 142. PHI Philippines 188. UZB Uzbekistan 143. POL Poland 189. URU Uruguay 144. POR Portugal 190. VAN Vanuatu 145. PUR Puerto Rico 191. VEN Venezuala 146. QAT Qatar 192. VIE Vietnam 147. ROM Romania 193. ISV Virgin Islands 148. RUS Russian Federation 194. YEM Yemen 149. RWA Rwanda 195. YUG Yugoslavia 150. SKN Saint Kitts and Nevis 196. ZAM Zambia 151. LCA Saint Lucia 197. ZIM Zimbabwe 152. VIN Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 198. IOA Individual Olym pic Athletes 153. SAM Samoa 199. AUS Australia 154. SMR San Marino 46 m i m i n n o o m m H - i n s s i i Background notes 12. DARE TO DREAM 9 3 4 Pm Running time: 4 minutes Cue: A t the conclusion o f the Parade o f Athletes, John Farnham and Olivia New tonJohn perform 'Dare to Dream'. Music: 'Dare to Dream' com posed by Paul Begard, Vanessa Corish and Wayne Tester, and perform ed by John Farnham and Olivia Newton-John. Dare to Dream I am my own believer In my heart the reason I will fo llo w the light from w ithin I'm not afraid o f weakness I'm gonna taste the sweetness O f the pow er not to give in I will see it through (I believe) In my m om ent o f truth I believe, I believe, I believe Dare to dream Dare to fly Dare to be the ever chosen one to touch the sky Dare to reach Dare to rise Find the strength to set my spirit free Dare to dream I will go the distance Embrace resistance I will lay my soul on the line When the w ait is over And the hunger has spoken If I give my all I will shine I will see it through (I believe) This is my m om ent o f truth I believe, I believe, I believe Chorus And the heart will shine like the sun A m illion voices to ge th er as one I believe, I believe, I believe Chorus Find the strength to do w hat I believe Dare to dream Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque Performers John Farnham The most successful recording artist in Australian history, Farnham burst onto the scene at 17 with the quirky hit, 'Sadie the Cleaning Lady'. Once a plum ber's apprentice, Farnham was crowned King o f Pop five years in a row, from 1969. During the '80s, Farnham fronted The Little River Band. His album 'W hispering Jack' produced the mega-single 'The Voice'. His many hits include 'Chain Reaction', 'Touch o f Paradise', and 'Everytim e You Cry'. Last year, Farnham celebrated his 50th birthday w ith a national sold-out tour. Olivia Newton-John Olivia Newton-John shot to international fame in 1978, with the film Grease, where she starred opposite John Travolta. In her long career, Newton-John has had many #1 albums, and hit singles, including 'If N ot fo r You', 'D evoted to You', 'Physical' and 'Xanadu'. Her range is broad, and she has won Grammy and Billboard awards fo r Best Female Pop Vocalist, and Best Female C ountry Vocalist. From an academic family, her grandfather was N obel Prize-winning physicist Max Born and her father was a professor o f German at C am bridge and M elbourne Universities. She has co-w ritten a children's book, and presented the TV show W ild Life. 48 13. OFFICIAL SPEECHES 9 :3 8 p m Running time: 10 minutes Cue: The President o f SOCOG M ichael Knight, and the President o f the IOC, Juan A ntonio Samaranch deliver speeches o f welcome to the athletes o f the world. The President o f the IOC concludes his remarks by inviting Australia's Governor General, Sir W illiam Deane, to declare open the Games of the XXVII Olym piad in Sydney. Dignitaries The Governor-General, Sir William Deane His Excellency the Honourable Sir W illiam Patrick Deane, AC, KBE, Governor-General o f the C om m onwealth o f Australia was born in M elbourne, Victoria on 4 January 1931. He was educated at St Christopher's Convent in Canberra, St Joseph's College in Sydney, and the University o f Sydney where he graduated in Arts and Law. He was called to the Bar in 1957, practising as a specialist in constitutional, commercial and trade practices law. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1966. He was appointed a Knight o f the British Empire in 1982, and a Com panion o f the O rder o f Australia in 1988. Sir W illiam was sworn in as Governor-General on 16 February 1996. President Of The International Olympic Committee, Juan Antonio Samaranch Juan A ntonio Samaranch was born on 17 July 1920, in Barcelona, Spain. He has been President o f the IOC since 1980, and IOC m em ber since 1966. He was the IOC Head o f Protocol (1968-75 and 1979-80) and Vice President (1974-78). President Samaranch obtained a Higher Diplom a in Business Studies from Barcelona Higher Institute o f Business Studies, and w ent on to a career as an Economic Professor, and served on the board o f several banks. His connection w ith sport goes back to the 1940s, when as a boxer he was known as "K id Samaranch". He also played hockey and football. He continued his connection w ith sport as the M unicipal C ouncillor responsible fo r sport in the city o f Barcelona and served as National Delegate fo r Physical Education and Sport. He then w ent on to be a m em ber and then President o f the Spanish O lym pic Com m ittee; Vice President o f the International C om m ittee fo r the M editerranean Games; chief de mission at the VII W inter Olym pics at Cortina d'Am pezzo in 1956 and the Summer Games in Rome, 1960 and Tokyo, 1964. He also served as the Spanish Ambassador to the USSR and the People's Republic o f M ongolia. He is fluent in Spanish, French, English and speaks some Russian and German. He is 80 years old. President of the Sydney Organising Committee for the Olympic Games, Michael Knight Born in 1952, Michael Knight graduated w ith a First Class Honours Degree in G overnm ent and Public Adm inistration from the University of Sydney. Michael Knight has spent his w orking life in public service and public adm inistration. He has been a m em ber o f the New South Wales Parliament since 1981 and held a variety o f key positions in G overnm ent and O pposition. Michael Knight represents the constituency o f Cam pbelltow n in Sydney's south west, and is a senior m em ber o f the Labor G overnm ent in the State o f New South Wales. He became a M inister in the G overnm ent follow ing the election o f the Australian Labor Party on 25 March 1995. 49 Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque Changes to the O lym pic Games legislation led to M r Knight becom ing President o f the Sydney Organising C om m ittee fo r the O lym pic Games (SOCOG) in Septem ber 1996. He is also M inister fo r the Olympics, M inister responsible fo r the Paralympics, and M inister responsible fo r Darling Harbour. In G overnm ent, M r Knight has also been the M inister fo r Roads and the M inister fo r Public W orks and Services. 50 moBBflflnmyaiynfi 14. RAG - HEROES LIVE FOREVER 9:48pm Running time: 10 minutes Cue: A g ia n t O lym pic flag is passed by spectators in the northern stand, over their heads onto the field, until it has com pletely covered the teams assembled on the arena. Vanessa Am orosi perform s 'Heroes Live Forever'. In this segm ent, Sydney recreates a m om ent in the O pening Ceremony o f the 1992 Barcelona Games, when all athletes were united under an enormous O lym pic flag. In Sydney, as the flag moves over the athletes, doves are projected onto the flag. Once in position, the five w hite rings o f the IOC O lym pic symbol emerge as they are filled with compressed air. As the flag disappears under the stage, the official O lym pic flag makes its entrance from under the large flag. Eight Australian Olym pians carry it from the stage to the track. The flag is carried counter clockwise around the stadium, until it reaches the ceremonial flagpole at the north east corner o f the arena. The 200 member, M illennium C hoir o f the Greek O rthodox Archdiocese o f Australia, sings the traditional O lym pic Hymn in Greek, as the flag is raised. Music: 'H eroes Live Forever' w ritten by John G illard and Trevor W hite, perform ed by Vanessa Am orosi. 'O ly m p ic Hym n' co nducted by G eorge Ellis, perform ed by the M illennium Children's C hoir o f the Greek O rthodox Archdiocese o f Australia. Background notes History of the Olympic Flag The O lym pic Flag has been a part o f the O lym pic Games since 1920. It consists o f five interlocked rings, three above and tw o below, on a plain w hite background with no border. The rings represent the five continents: Africa, Asia, the Americas, Europe, and Oceania. The original flag design was presented by Baron Pierre de Coubertin, founder o f the M odern O lym pic m ovem ent, at the O lym pic Congress in 1914. This was to celebrate the 20th anniversary o f the founding o f the International O lym pic C om m ittee. The em broidered satin flag was first presented by the wom en o f Antw erp at the 1920 A ntw erp Closing Ceremony. Known as "th e A ntw erp fla g," it was exchanged at each Olym pics until replaced at the Seoul Olym pics in 1988, where the IOC was presented w ith a new flag made o f Korean silk. That flag is kept in secure storage. The flag that flies above the stadium during the Games, was made fo r Sydney 2000. Heroes Live Forever You are the light That shines in everyone The truth that's there fo r all to see You are the voice That speaks to everyone You're the heroes w e'd all like to be You live the dreams That lie w ithin us all W ith a passion th a t cannot be denied You bring the w hole w orld to g e th e r as one And w e'll always be by your side Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque Performers A nd all the w orld w ill join in celebration A nd all the w orld will share the jo y you bring A nd all the power, the hope and inspiration In all their glory the nations all will sing Heroes live forever Heroes live forever Always w e'll rem em ber Heroes live forever Since the dawn of history In searching fo r our destiny To be the best that we can be W e've found our im m ortality Chorus x 2 Music and lyrics by John G illard and Trevor W hite Olympic hymn The O lym pic Hymn is played at the opening and closing ceremonies. The music was com posed by the Greek, Spyrou Samaras, and the words were added by his colleague Costis, also o f Greece, in 1896: Im mortal spirit o f antiquity Father o f the true, beautiful and good Descend, appear, shed over us thy light Upon this ground and under this sky Which has first witnessed thy unperishable flame. Give life and animation to those noble Games! Throw wreaths o f faceless flowers to the victors In the race and in the struggle! Create in our breasts, hearts o f steel! In thy light, plains, mountains and seas Shine in a roseate hue and fo r a vast tem ple To which all nations throng to adore thee, Oh im m ortal spirit o f antiquity! Vanessa Amorosi A t just 19 years o f age, Vanessa is one o f Australia's m ost exciting singer-songwriters. Her d e b ut single 'Have A Look' achieved G old status in just seven weeks, while her follow -up hit 'A bsolutely Everybody' reached Platinum and has becom e the longest charting single by an Australian fem ale artist. Vanessa's debut album 'The Power' entered the charts at no. 1 and soon reached double Platinum. 'Shine', her third single, has also achieved Platinum status. Vanessa's perform ance at the Olym pics marks her 14th m onth as a professional entertainer. George Ellis G eorge Ellis graduated from the Sydney Conservatorium o f Music in 1987 before studying with em inent orchestral conductors in the US. Since returning to Australia he has conducted many Sydney Orchestra's including the East-West Philharmonia, Sydney Youth and W estern Youth Orchestras. As part o f the ABC Young Conductors program , he has conducted the A delaide and Tasmanian Symphony Orchestras, and the State Orchestra o f Victoria. He is currently Head o f the Music D epartm ent at the Wesley Institute. 52 Australian Defence Force Flag Party The 11 m em bers o f the Flag Party have been specially selected from the Royal Australian Navy (three), Australian Arm y (four) and Royal Australian Airforce (four), to represent the Australian Defence Force. Selection fo r this im p ortant duty is a great honour fo r the individuals concerned. They not only represent the current serving members o f the Australian Defence Force, but also reflect the spirit, pride and tradition o f all Australians who have served in the Defence Force. Credits Director David Atkins Designer Eamon D 'Arcy Choreographer Doug Jack Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque ■ = = l ï ■ = = 1 1 ■ = 3 n ■c=n 54 15. THE OLYMPIC OATHS 9:58pm Background notes Running time: 4 minutes Cue: The O lym pic Oath o f H onour is taken by one athlete on behalf o f all athletes, and then b y one ju d g e on b ehalf o f all judges. They hold the O lym pic Flag while taking the oath. The athlete and jud ge are both selected from the host country's O lym pic Team three days prior to the ceremony. The oaths were first introduced at the A ntw erp Games in 1920. Athlete’s Oath "In the name o f all the com petitors I promise th at we shall take part in these O lym pic Games, respecting and abiding by the rules which govern them , com m itting ourselves to a sport w itho ut doping and w itho ut drugs, in the true spirit of sportsm anship, fo r the glory o f sport and the honour o f our team s." Judge’s Oath "In the name o f all the judges and officials, I promise th at we shall officiate in these O lym pic Games w ith com plete im partiality, respecting and abiding by the rules which govern them , in the true spirit o f sportsm anship." 55 Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque 56 H W S B g B f l-S fl 1111 11 11 B 11 11 1111 11 11 5 3 S 5 y g I I 1 1 16. THE FLAME 10:02pm Background notes Performer Running time: 3 minutes Cue: 'The Flam e' is perform ed by Tina Arena, accom panied by 100 voices from the Sydney Children's Choir. The Flame Today we will show who we are We are the earth and w e're to g e th e r again My friends, will you show us the way? We travel on, guided by the flame Is this the hope o f the w orld in my hands? I'll take this m om ent, to be all th at I can Look to you to see the future Stronger and free The fire w ithin makes you reach out to the goal You redefine 'the best' by stretching the soul A w orld in need o f inspiration Looks to you and m e... Chorus Since ancient tim es w e've come together In the light o f the flam e and stand fo r all the w orld to see People reaching o u t to greatness A nd all we can be Chorus Final chorus Today you will show who you are The best on the earth, and you bring the w orld to ge th er again. My friends, you have shown us the way Look to your hearts, you will find the flame Look to your hearts, you will find The flame Music and lyrics by John Foreman Tina Arena Tina Arena is Australia's m ost popular fem ale singer. She is a household name, having appeared regularly on national television since the age of eight. During the 1990's hits like 'Chains', 'S orrento M oon' and 'Burn' have made her an international star, generating global sales o f over four m illion albums. Tina is currently starring in the West End Production o f N otre Dame de Paris. She has received a host o f major accolades including tw o W orld Music Awards and four ARIA Awards. Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque ■ ? = » m = k i ■ p ï i ■ = » i = n C = ï l ■ = » 58 17. CAULDRON 10:05pm Background notes Running time: 5 :30 minutes Cue: The first o f the final torch runners enters the O lym pic Stadium from the southern entrance o f the stadium and runs counterclockwise around the field. The torchbearer then runs directly through the assembled athletes, to the stairs leading to the main stage. A t the fo o t o f the stairs, the final torchbearer raises the torch tow ard the north. Music: 'Te Deum ' com posed by Hector Berlioz and conducted by Edo de Waart. Perform ed by the Sydney Symphony Orchestra and a com bined choir o f 1500. The Cauldron The original concept fo r the waterfall and subm erged cauldron was devised by Ric Birch in M onaco in Septem ber 1993, im m ediately follow ing the announcement that Sydney had won the right to host the 2000 Games. Two years later, Birch m et the architects and engineers who were designing Stadium Australia and briefed them in strict secrecy about the need to w aterproof the northern stand, and subsequently to provide structural stiffening and support fo r the cauldron tracks and lifting mechanisms. Those features, to g e th e r with the necessary gas, w ater and pow er supplies, were all built into Stadium Australia. Michael Scott-M itchell was contracted to design the cauldron and the main stage, and he devised the final sequence o f events th at is seen tonight. Birch then brought in M orris Lyda as Technical D irector fo r Ceremonies and Lyda's first task was to make "P roject S cott-M itchell" a reality. Birch said "M any Australian companies and individuals have been involved in this project [see O pening Ceremony program fo r full details] and it is greatly to their credit th a t no-one at any tim e said the concept was impossible! I kept expecting some highly-qualified engineer to prove it was sim ply not feasible, but in fact the opposite happened. Michael Knight and the Board o f SOCOG were all strong supporters o f the concept and remained to ta lly com m itted throughout the long design, construction and testing period. I'd like to particularly thank Michael ScottM itchell, M orris Lyda, David Tierney, Colin Ging and BHP fo r being such staunch supporters o f the project from the very beginning." Designed by Michael Scott-M itchell, the O lym pic Cauldron is a seven tonne ring o f stainless steel, situated w ithin the main stage at the northern end o f the stadium. Creating the illusion o f fire em erging from water, the Cauldron is lit in a reflecting pool and then rises to the to p o f the northern stand. The lift is in three stages: a hydraulic arm lifts the cauldron to the base o f the upper stand where it engages a winch system, th a t takes it to the to p o f the stand. There it sits atop a hydraulic stem containing the main burner and separate gas supply. It is then raised a further ten metres above the to p o f the stand, where the flam e can be seen from outside the stadium. The Olympic Flame The O lym pic Flame was first lit at the O pening Cerem ony o f the 1928 Games in Am sterdam . The concept o f an O lym pic Torch Relay was developed by a German physical education teacher Carl Diem, who drew upon the ancient Greek tradition o f torch relay races, to add symbolism to the ritual lighting o f the flame in Berlin. The first torch relay began at Olym pia in Greece. The relay traversed seven countries and 3,000 kilom etres, before arriving fo r the opening o f the 1936 Games in Berlin. It has been a feature o f the Games ever since. 59 Source : Le Centre d'Etudes Olympiques - Bibliothèque Performers The Sydney 2 0 0 0 Olympic Torch Relay The torch was lit on 10 May 2000, from a flam e kindled from the sun's rays at a special ceremony in Olym pia, Greece, home o f the original O lym pic Games. The O lym pic torch spent the first 10 days o f its journey, making its way around Greece. From Athens, the torch was taken by plane to Guam, where it began a 17 day journey visiting many o f the Pacific Island countries, which make up the Oceania ring o f the O lym pic nations. The torch arrived in Australia at Uluru, N orthern Territory, on 8 June. The first person to carry the torch on Australian soil was O lym pic gold m edallist, Nova Peris-Kneebone. The Sydney 2000 O lym pic Torch Relay has passed w ithin one hour's drive o f 85 per cent o f the Australian population. It has travelled over 27,000 kilom etres and been carried by 11,000 torchbearers through over 1000 tow ns and suburbs in w hat has been the longest Torch Relay in O lym pic history. (The Torch Relay fo r the 1956 M elbourne Games travelled only dow n the east coast o f Australia, covering 4,558 km w ithin Australia and 20,470 km in total) During its journey to Sydney, the O lym pic flam e has travelled on a surf boat at Bondi Beach, on the Indian Pacific train across the N ullarbor Plain, on a Royal Flying D octor Service aircraft in the rem ote outback, and by camel on Cable Beach at Broome. Edo de Waart Edo de Waart is Chief C onductor and A rtistic D irector o f the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. Highlights o f his six year tenure include perform ances o f Mahler, W agner's Ring cycle, new Australian works, and six recordings. Under de Waart, the SSO has toured Europe, Japan and the US. Fie is C hief C onductor o f the both the Netherlands Radio Philharmonic and the Netherlands O pera. Combined Choirs The 1200 strong choir is made up o f three choirs: The Sydney Philharmonia Choir, the Sydney University Music Society, Sing 2001 Choir. Credits Concept Ric Birch, Michael Scott-M itchell Cauldron designer Michael S cott-M itchell Director Richard W herrett</nowiki>

Predecesor: Ceremonia de apertura de los Juegos Olímpicos de Atlanta 1996

Ceremonia de Apertura de los XXVII Juegos Olímpicos de Verano 2000

Sucesor: Ceremonia de apertura de los Juegos Olímpicos de Atenas 2004