Ver el código de «Channidae»

{{Ficha de taxón
| name = Channidae
| image = Parachanna obscura - Aqua Porte Dorée 01.JPG
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Parachanna obscura channel]]''
| image2 = northern snakehead.jpg
| image2_width = 250px
| image2_caption = ''[[Channa argus]]''
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Perciformes]]
|subordo=[[Channoidei]]
| familia = '''Channidae'''
| subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
| subdivision = 
''[[Channa]]''<br />
''[[Eochanna]]''<br />
''[[Parachanna]]''
}}
'''Channidae''' es una familia de [[peces]] de agua dulce originaria de [[África]] y [[Asia]]. Hay dos géneros existentes, ''[[Channa]]'' en Asia, y ''[[Parachanna]]'' en África, con 30-35 especies. Estos peces [[predador]]es se distinguen por una larga [[aleta dorsal]], y una pequeña cabeza con grandes escamas en lo alto, boca grande y dientes. Necesitan respirar aire, lo que hacen a través del [[órgano suprabranquial]]: una forma primitiva del [[Laberinto (oído)|laberinto]].

== Sistemática ==
De acuerdo al sistema de Nelson, la familia Channidae se encuentran incluida en el suborden Channoidei.<ref name=PNAS>{{cite web |url=http://www.pnas.org/content/109/34/13698.full |title=Resolution of ray-finned fish phylogeny and timing of diversification |author=Thomas J. Near |journal=PNAS |doi=10.1073/pnas.1206625109 |date=2012 |volume=109 |issue=34 |pages=13698–13703|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
Estudios recientes promovieron la propuesta de incluir a la familia en el orden  '''[[Anabantiformes]]''' .<ref name = Nelson5>{{cite book |title=Fishes of the World |edition=5th |author1=J. S. Nelson |author2=T. C. Grande |author3=M. V. H. Wilson |year=2016 |pages=348 |publisher=Wiley |ISBN=978-1-118-34233-6 |url=https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/ |fechaacceso=18 de mayo de 2019 |fechaarchivo=8 de abril de 2019 |urlarchivo=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408194051/https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/ |deadurl=yes }}</ref> Las relaciones filogenéticas con los Anabantiformes se han dilucidado utilizando datos moleculares.A continuación se muestran las relaciones filogenéticas entre las familias anabantiformes después de Collins et al. (2015):<ref>Collins, R.A.; Britz, R.; Rüber,, L. (2015). "Phylogenetic systematics of leaffishes (Teleostei: Polycentridae, Nandidae)" (PDF). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 53 (4): 259–272.</ref><ref name="Betancur-Rodriguez-4">R. Betancur-Rodriguez, E. Wiley, N. Bailly, A. Acero, M. Miya, G. Lecointre, G. Ortí: [https://sites.google.com/site/guilleorti/classification-v-4 ''Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes – Version 4''] {{Wayback|url=https://sites.google.com/site/guilleorti/classification-v-4 |date=20170711171156 }} (2016)</ref>.
{{clade| style=font-size:100%; line-height:100%;
|label1='''Anabantiformes'''
|1={{Clade
   |label1=[[Nandoidei]]
   |1={{Clade
      |1=[[Pristolepis|Pristolepididae]]
      |2={{Clade
         |1=[[Badidae]]
         |2=[[Nandidae]] }} }}
   |label2=
   |2={{Clade
      |label1=[[Channoidei]]
      |1={{Clade
         |1=Channidae }}
         |label2=[[Anabantoidei]]
         |2={{Clade
            |label1=
            |1={{Clade
               |1=[[Anabantidae]]
               |2={{Clade
                  |1=[[Helostomatidae]]
                  |2=[[Osphronemidae]] }} }} }} }} }} }} 

[[Archivo:Channidae_distribution.png|thumb|320px|Distribución natural de la familia Channidae. ''Source: USGS 2004''.<ref name="usgs2004">Courtenay, Jr., Walter R. and James D. Williams. [http://web.archive.org/web/http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/Snakehead_circ_1251/html/index.html USGS Circular 1251: Snakeheads (Pisces, Chinnidae) - A Biological Synopsis and Risk Assessment. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey]. 2004-[[04-01]]. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2007.</ref>]]
Hay entre 30 y 35 especies repartidas en dos géneros:
[[File:Ophiocephalus barca.png|thumb|ophiocephalus barca]]
* Género ''[[Channa]]''
** ''[[Channa amphibeus]]'' <small>(McClelland, 1845)</small>.
** ''[[Channa argus]]'' <small>([[Theodore Edward Cantor|Cantor]], 1842)</small>.
** ''[[Channa asiatica]]'' <small>([[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758)</small>.
** ''[[Channa aurantimaculata]]'' <small>Musikasinthorn, 2000</small>.
** ''[[Channa bankanensis]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1852)</small>.
** ''[[Channa barca]]'' <small>([[Francis Buchanan-Hamilton|Hamilton]], 1822)</small>.
** ''[[Channa bleheri]]'' <small>Vierke, 1991</small>.
** ''[[Channa burmanica]]'' <small>Chaudhuri, 1916</small>.
** ''[[Channa cyanospilos]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1853)</small>.
** ''[[Channa gachua]]'' <small>(Hamilton, 1822)</small>.
** ''[[Channa harcourtbutleri]]'' <small>(Annandale, 1918)</small>.
** ''[[Channa lucius]]'' <small>([[Georges Cuvier|Cuvier]], 1831)</small>.
** ''[[Channa maculata]]'' <small>([[Bernard Germain Étienne de la Ville, Comte de Lacépède|Lacépède]], 1801)</small>.
** ''[[Channa marulioides]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1851)</small>.
** ''[[Channa marulius]]'' <small>(Hamilton, 1822)</small>.
** ''[[Channa melanoptera]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1855)</small>.
** ''[[Channa melasoma]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1851)</small>.
** ''[[Channa micropeltes]]'' <small>([[Georges Cuvier|Cuvier]], 1831)</small>.
** ''[[Channa nox]]'' <small>Zhang, Musikasinthorn & Watanabe, 2002</small>.
** ''[[Channa orientalis]]'' <small>[[Marcus Elieser Bloch|Bloch]] & Schneider, 1801</small>.
** ''[[Channa ornatipinnis]]'' <small>Britz, 2007</small>.<ref name=britz>{{cita publicación | publicación = Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters | volumen = 18 | número = 4 | año = 2007 | páginas = 335–344 | título = ''Channa ornatipinnis'' and ''C. pulchra'', two new species of dwarf snakeheads from Myanmar (Teleostei: Channidae) | autor = Britz, Ralf}}</ref>
** ''[[Channa panaw]]'' <small>Musikasinthorn, 1998</small>.
** ''[[Channa pleurophthalmus]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1851)</small>.
** ''[[Channa pulchra]]'' <small>Britz, 2007</small>.<ref name=britz />
** ''[[Channa punctata]]'' <small>([[Marcus Elieser Bloch|Bloch]], 1793)</small>.
** ''[[Channa stewartii]]'' <small>(Playfair, 1867)</small>.
** ''[[Channa striata]]'' <small>([[Marcus Elieser Bloch|Bloch]], 1793)</small>.
* Género ''[[Eochanna]]''
** †''[[Eochanna chorlakkiensis]] <small>([[Roe]], 1991)</small>.
* Género ''[[Parachanna]]''
** ''[[Parachanna africana]]'' <small>([[Franz Steindachner|Steindachner]], 1879)</small>.
** ''[[Parachanna insignis]]'' <small>([[Henri Émile Sauvage|Sauvage]], 1884)</small>.
** †''[[Parachanna fayumensis]]'' <small>Murray, 2006</small>. ([[fósil]])
** ''[[Parachanna obscura]]'' <small>([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1861)</small>.

== Referencias ==
{{listaref}}
* {{FishBase family | family = Channidae | month = enero | year = 2006}}
* {{ITIS | taxon = Channidae | ID = 166661 | date = 20 de marzo | year = 2006}}

== Enlaces externos ==

* [http://fishing.about.com/cs/fishfactsinfo/a/aa092703a.htm Artículo sobre los peces en About.com] {{Wayback|url=http://fishing.about.com/cs/fishfactsinfo/a/aa092703a.htm |date=20120703064429 }}
* [http://www.snakeheads.org snakeheads.org] world's largest website for snakeheads
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051212212509/http://www.scinet.cc/articles/northern-snakehead/frankenfish.html Overview of Northern Snakehead biology]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060403163440/http://www.biodiversitypartners.org/state/fl/snakehead.shtml Student article on Snakehead problem in Florida]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060822125124/http://www.mauricemartin.net/snakehead.htm Fish or Foul: Snakeheads near Washington, D.C., and the people who love them]

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