Usuario:Uhanu/Taller

Tablas comparativas

Étimos latinos

			Cántabro Occ.	Cántabro Or.
Glosa	Latín	Asturiano	Montañés	Pasiego	Features
"alto"	ALTUM	altu	altu	altu	ALTUM > altu
"caer"	CADĔRE ​	cayer	cayer	cayer	Before short e, /d/ → /y/.
"decir"	DĪCERE	dicir	dicir/icir	dicir/dicer/icir	Conjugation shift -ERE → -IR
"hacer"	FACERE	facer/facere	jacer ​	hacer ​	Western /f/→[h]. Eastern /f/→∅.
"hierro"	FERRUM	fierro	jierru	yerru	Occidental /ferum/ > [hjeru]. Oriental /ferum/ > [hjeru] > [jeru] > [ʝeru].
"llama"	FLAMMAM	llama	llapa ​	llama ​	Palatalización /FL-/ > /ʎ/ (or /j/, debido al yeismo occidental)
"fuego"	FOCUM	fueu/fuegu	jueu	juigu/juegu ​	Western: FOCUM > [huecu] > [huegu] > [hueu]. Eastern: FOCUM > [xuecu] > [xuegu]/[xuigu] (metaphony).
"lar"	LĀR	llar	llar ​	lar ​	Western: Palatalization of ll-, yeísmo.
"leer"	LEGERE	lleer	leer	leyer ​	Eastern: pervivence of -g- as -y-.
"lomo"	LUMBUM ​	llombu	lombu/llombu	lumu/lomu ​	Western: conservatino of -MB- group. Eastern: metaphony.
"madre"	MATREM	madre/ma	madre	madri	Eastern: closing of final final -e.
"mirlo"	MIRULUM	mierbu	miruellu	miruilu ​	Westen: palatalization of -l-. Eastern: metaphony.
"mostrar"	MOSTRARE	amosar	amostrar ​	mostrar	Western: prothesis.
"nudo"	*NODUS	ñudu	ñudu	ñudu	Palatalization of Latin N-
"nuestro"	NOSTRUM	nuestru/nuesu	nuestru	muistru ​	Eastern: metaphony and confusion between Latin pronoun nos and 1st person plural ending -mos.
"tos"	TUSSEM	tus	tus	tus
"casi"	QUASI	cuasi	cuasi	casi
"traer"	TRAHĔRE​	trayer	trayer	trayer	Conservation of Latin -h- by -y-.
"ver"	VIDĒRE	ver	veer	veyer ​	Eastern: before short e, /d/ → /y/.

Étimos no latinos

			Cántabro Occ.	Cántabro Or.
Glosa	Latín	Asturiano	Montañés	Pasiego	Caraterísticas
"foto"	--	foto	jotu	afutu ​​	Western shows [f] > [h], while Eastrn prefers prothesis.
"perro/perros"	--	perru/perros	perru/perros	pirru/perrus ​	Western masculine singular -u, plural -os. Eastern masculine singular -u + metaphony, plural -us.

Las siguientes notas solo se aplican a los derivativos cántabros, pero podrían darse también en otras variantes asturleonesas:

ALa plantilla {{note label}} está obsoleta, véase el nuevo sistema de referencias. Many verbs keep the etymological -h- or -d- as an internal -y-. This derivation is most intense in the Pasiegan Dialect.

BLa plantilla {{note label}} está obsoleta, véase el nuevo sistema de referencias. Latin -MB- group is only retained in the derivatives of a group containing few, but very used, Latin etyma: lumbum (loin), camba (bed), lambere (lick), etc. however, it has not been retained during other more recent word derivations, such as tamién (also), which comes from the -mb- reduction of también a compound of tan (as) and bien (well).

CLa plantilla {{note label}} está obsoleta, véase el nuevo sistema de referencias. In Pasiegan dialect, all masculine singular nouns, adjectives and some adverbs retain an ancient vowel mutation called Metaphony, thus: lumu (one piece of loin) but lomu (uncountable, loin meat), the same applies for juigu (a fire/campfire) and juegu (fire, uncountable) and muistru and muestru (our, masculine singular and uncountable, respectively).

DLa plantilla {{note label}} está obsoleta, véase el nuevo sistema de referencias. Most Western Cantabrian Dialects retain the ancient initial F- as an aspiration (IPA [h]), so: FACERE > /haθer/. This feature is still productive for all etyma starting with [f]. An example of this is the Greek root phōs (light) which, through Spanish foto (photo) derives in jotu (IPA: [hotu])(photography).

DLa plantilla {{note label}} está obsoleta, véase el nuevo sistema de referencias. All Eastern Dialects have mostly lost Latin initial F-, and only keep it on certain lexicalized vestiges, such as: jumu (IPA: [xumu]). Thus: FACERE > /aθer/.

ELa plantilla {{note label}} está obsoleta, véase el nuevo sistema de referencias. Prothesis: some words derive from the addition of an extra letter (usually /a/) at the beginning of the word. arradiu, amotu/amutu, afutu.

FLa plantilla {{note label}} está obsoleta, véase el nuevo sistema de referencias. Yeísmo: Most Cantabrian dialects do not distinguish between the /ʝ/ (written y) and /ʎ/ (written ll) fonemes, executing both with a single sound [ʝ]. Thus, rendering poyu and pullu (stone seat and chicken, respectively) homophones.

GLa plantilla {{note label}} está obsoleta, véase el nuevo sistema de referencias. Lleísmo: Pasiegan Dialect is one of the few Cantabrian Dialects which does distinguish /ʝ/ and /ʎ/. Thus, puyu and pullu (stone seat and chicken, respectively) are both written and pronounced differently.

HLa plantilla {{note label}} está obsoleta, véase el nuevo sistema de referencias. Palatalization: Cantabrian Dialects do mostly not palatalize Latin L-, however, some vestiges might be found in Eastern Cantabrian Dialects, in areas bordering Asturias (Asturian a very palatalizing language). This vestiges are often camuflated due to the strong Yeísmo. Palatalization of Latin N- is more common, and words such as ñudu (from Latin nudus), or ñublu (from Latin nubĭlus) are more common.