Usuario:Mauriziok/Los Cuatro Grandes concursos internacionales de belleza
Los Cuatro Grandes concursos internacionales de belleza[editar]
The Big Four refers to the four major international beauty pageants for women – Miss World, Miss Universe, Miss International and Miss Earth. The group was first described by the China Daily newspaper in 2004 as "the world's four major beauty contests", Chosun Ilbo newspaper in 2010 described them as "the world's top four beauty pageants". In 2017, the Latin Times considered the group as the "most important pageants in the world". In 2018, NBC News referred to them as the "four biggest international pageants".
The Big Four pageants[editar]
Hundreds of beauty contests are held annually, but the Big Four are considered the most prestigious. The Wall Street Journal, BBC News, CNN, Xinhua News Agency, and global news agencies such as Reuters and Agence France-Presse collectively refer to the four major pageants as "Big Four" namely:
- Miss World is the oldest existing major international beauty pageant. It was created in the United Kingdom by Eric Morley in 1951. Since Morley's death in 2000, his widow, Julia Morley, co-chairs the pageant.
- Miss Universe is an annual international beauty contest that is run by the Miss Universe Organization. The contest was founded in 1952 by California clothing company Pacific Mills. The pageant became part of Kayser-Roth and then Gulf+Western Industries, before being acquired by Donald Trump in 1996 and is currently owned by WME/IMG.
- Miss International, also called "Miss International Beauty", is a Tokyo-based international beauty pageant organized by The International Culture Association. The pageant was first held in 1960.
- Miss Earth is a United Nations-affiliated annual international environmental-themed beauty pageant promoting environmental awareness organised by Philippine-based Carousel Productions through the Miss Earth Foundation. The pageant was first held in 2001.
Most victorious countries[editar]
The first country to win all four major international pageant titles was Brazil, when it won Miss Earth 2004. Brazil has won two Miss Universe crowns, two Miss Earth crowns, one Miss World crown, and one Miss International crown.
In winning Miss Earth 2005, Venezuela became the second country to win titles for each of the Big Four pageants. It has produced seven Miss Universe titles, eight Miss International titles, six Miss World titles, and two Miss Earth titles. By winning Miss Earth 2013, Venezuela became the first country to win all four pageants multiple times.
After winning Miss World 2013, the Philippines was the third country (and, as of 2020, the only country from the Eastern Hemisphere) to win all titles of the Big Four pageants. The Philippines currently has six Miss International crowns, four Miss Earth crowns, four Miss Universe crowns, and one Miss World crown. By winning Miss World 2013, Miss International 2013, Miss Earth 2014, Miss Earth 2015, and Miss Universe 2015, the Philippines became the fastest country to win all four major titles by achieving the feat in a span of only three calendar years. The country continued its streak after winning Miss International 2016, Miss Earth 2017, and Miss Universe 2018, and currently holds the distinction of longest streak of wins in all four major beauty pageants with a streak of six successive years.
After winning Miss Earth 2019, Puerto Rico became the first territory to win all titles in the Big 4 pageants. It currently has five Miss Universe crowns and two of each in Miss World and Miss International.
The following countries have won all the titles of the Big Four pageants:
| Country | Miss World | Miss Universe | Miss International | Miss Earth | Wins |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Venezuela |
|
|
|
|
23 |
| Philippines |
|
|
|
|
15 |
| Puerto Rico |
|
|
|
|
10 |
| Brazil |
|
|
|
|
6 |
Longest streak of wins[editar]
The Philippines holds the longest streak of winning at least one of the Big Four pageant titles in a single year with wins in six consecutive years from 2013 to 2018 (Miss World 2013 and Miss International 2013, Miss Earth 2014, Miss Universe 2015 and Miss Earth 2015, Miss International 2016, Miss Earth 2017, and Miss Universe 2018), and is currently the only country in the world to win at least once in all of the Big Four pageant titles in any of its titles streak. Venezuela ranks second overall in streak of Big Four pageant wins, lasting four consecutive years from 2008 to 2011 (Miss Universe 2008, Miss Universe 2009, Miss International 2010, Miss World 2011).
Multiple wins in the same year[editar]
France became the first nation to win at least 2 of the Big 4 beauty pageant titles in the same year, winning in 1953 (Miss Universe and Miss World), followed by Brazil in 1968 (Miss Universe and Miss International), Australia in 1972 (Miss Universe and Miss World), Venezuela in 1981 (Miss Universe and Miss World) as well as in 2013 (Miss Universe and Miss Earth), India in 1994 and 2000 (Miss Universe and Miss World), Ecuador in 2011 (Miss International and Miss Earth), and the Philippines in 2013 (Miss World and Miss International) and 2015 (Miss Universe and Miss Earth).
Back-to-back wins[editar]
In Miss World, three back-to-back victories have been recorded. In its first two editions, Sweden recorded back-to-back with Kiki Hakansson and May-Louise Flodin in Miss World 1951 and Miss World 1952, respectively. United Kingdom contestants Ann Sidney and Lesley Langley duplicated this feat in Miss World 1964 and Miss World 1965, respectively, in London. The most recent back-to-back Miss World victories came from India, with Yukta Mookhey in Miss World 1999 and Priyanka Chopra in Miss World 2000 edition.
In Miss Universe, Venezuela is currently the only country to win back-to-back in Miss Universe 2008 and Miss Universe 2009. Stefanía Fernandez won the Miss Universe 2009 title in which Venezuela earned a Guinness World Records to have the first Miss Universe winner succeeded by her compatriot, Miss Universe 2008 Dayana Mendoza.
In Miss Earth, the victory of Angelia Ong in Miss Earth 2015 in Austria, succeeding Jamie Herrell, Miss Earth 2014, made the Philippines to date the only country to win back-to-back in the Miss Earth pageant.
Big Four pageant winners by year[editar]
Main articles: List of Miss World titleholders, List of Miss Universe titleholders, List of Miss International titleholders, and List of Miss Earth titleholders
| Year | Miss World | Miss Universe | Miss International | Miss Earth |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA |
| 2019 | Toni-Ann Singh
Jamaica |
Zozibini Tunzi
South Africa |
Sireethorn Leearamwat
Thailand |
Nellys Pimentel
Puerto Rico |
| 2018 | Vanessa Ponce
Mexico |
Catriona Gray
Philippines |
Mariem Velazco
Venezuela |
Nguyễn Phương Khánh
Vietnam |
| 2017 | Manushi Chhillar
India |
Demi-Leigh Nel-Peters
South Africa |
Kevin Liliana
Indonesia |
Karen Ibasco
Philippines |
| 2016 | Stephanie Del Valle
Puerto Rico |
Iris Mittenaere
France |
Kylie Verzosa
Philippines |
Katherine Espín
Ecuador |
| 2015 | Mireia Lalaguna
Spain |
Pia Wurtzbach
Philippines |
Edymar Martínez
Venezuela |
Angelia Ong
Philippines |
| 2014 | Rolene Strauss
South Africa |
Paulina Vega
Colombia |
Valerie Hernandez
Puerto Rico |
Jamie Herrell
Philippines |
| 2013 | Megan Young
Philippines |
Gabriela Isler
Venezuela |
Bea Santiago
Philippines |
Alyz Henrich
Venezuela |
| 2012 | Yu Wenxia
China |
Olivia Culpo
United States |
Ikumi Yoshimatsu
Japan (dethroned, no replacement) |
Tereza Fajksová
Czech Republic |
| 2011 | Ivian Sarcos
Venezuela |
Leila Lopes
Angola |
Fernanda Cornejo
Ecuador |
Olga Álava
Ecuador |
| 2010 | Alexandria Mills
United States |
Ximena Navarrete
Mexico |
Elizabeth Mosquera
Venezuela |
Nicole Faria
India |
| 2009 | Kaiane Aldorino
Gibraltar |
Stefania Fernandez
Venezuela |
Anagabriela Espinoza
Mexico |
Larissa Ramos
Brazil |
| 2008 | Ksenia Sukhinova
Russia |
Dayana Mendoza
Venezuela |
Alejandra Andreu
Spain |
Karla Henry
Philippines |
| 2007 | Zhang Zilin
China |
Riyo Mori
Japan |
Priscila Perales
Mexico |
Jessica Trisko
Canada |
| 2006 | Taťána Kuchařová
Czech Republic |
Zuleyka Rivera
Puerto Rico |
Daniela di Giacomo
Venezuela |
Hil Hernández
Chile |
| 2005 | Unnur Birna Vilhjálmsdóttir
Iceland |
Natalie Glebova
Canada |
Lara Quigaman
Philippines |
Alexandra Braun
Venezuela |
| 2004 | María Julia Mantilla
Peru |
Jennifer Hawkins
Australia |
Jeymmy Vargas
Colombia |
Priscilla Meirelles
Brazil |
| 2003 | Rosanna Davison
Ireland |
Amelia Vega
Dominican Republic |
Goizeder Azúa
Venezuela |
Dania Prince
Honduras |
| 2002 | Azra Akın
Turkey |
Oxana Fedorova
Russia (dethroned) |
Christina Sawaya
Lebanon |
Dzejla Glavovic
Bosnia & Herzegovina (dethroned) |
| Justine Pasek
Panama |
Winfred Omwakwe
Kenya | |||
| 2001 | Agbani Darego
Nigeria |
Denise Quiñones
Puerto Rico |
Małgorzata Rożniecka
Poland |
Catharina Svensson
Denmark |
| 2000 | Priyanka Chopra
India |
Lara Dutta
India |
Vivian Urdaneta
Venezuela |
Founded 2001 |
| 1999 | Yukta Mookhey
India |
Mpule Kwelagobe
Botswana |
Paulina Gálvez
Colombia | |
| 1998 | Linor Abargil
Israel |
Wendy Fitzwilliam
Trinidad and Tobago |
Lía Victoria Borrero
Panama | |
| 1997 | Diana Hayden
India |
Brook Lee
United States |
Consuelo Adler
Venezuela | |
| 1996 | Irene Skliva
Greece |
Alicia Machado
Venezuela |
Fernanda Alves
Portugal | |
| 1995 | Jacqueline Aguilera
Venezuela |
Chelsi Smith
United States |
Anne Lena Hansen
Norway | |
| 1994 | Aishwarya Rai
India |
Sushmita Sen
India |
Christina Lekka
Greece | |
| 1993 | Lisa Hanna
Jamaica |
Dayanara Torres
Puerto Rico |
Agnieszka Pachałko
Poland | |
| 1992 | Julia Kourotchkina
Russia |
Michelle McLean
Namibia |
Kirsten Davidson
Australia | |
| 1991 | Ninibeth Leal
Venezuela |
Lupita Jones
Mexico |
Agnieszka Kotlarska
Poland | |
| 1990 | Gina Tolleson
United States |
Mona Grudt
Norway |
Silvia de Esteban
Spain | |
| 1989 | Aneta Kręglicka
Poland |
Angela Visser
Netherlands |
Iris Klein
Germany | |
| 1988 | Linda Pétursdóttir
Iceland |
Porntip Nakhirunkanok
Thailand |
Catherine Alexandra Gude
Norway | |
| 1987 | Ulla Weigerstorfer
Austria |
Cecilia Bolocco
Chile |
Laurie Tamara Simpson
Puerto Rico | |
| 1986 | Giselle Laronde
Trinidad and Tobago |
Bárbara Palacios Teyde
Venezuela |
Helen Fairbrother
England | |
| 1985 | Hólmfríður Karlsdóttir
Iceland |
Deborah Carthy Deu
Puerto Rico |
Nina Sicilia
Venezuela | |
| 1984 | Astrid Carolina Herrera
Venezuela |
Yvonne Ryding
Sweden |
Ilma Urrutia
Guatemala | |
| 1983 | Sarah-Jane Hutt
United Kingdom |
Lorraine Downes
New Zealand |
Gidget Sandoval
Costa Rica | |
| 1982 | Mariasela Álvarez
Dominican Republic |
Karen Baldwin
Canada |
Christie Ellen Claridge
United States | |
| 1981 | Pilín León
Venezuela |
Irene Sáez
Venezuela |
Jenny Annette Derek
Australia | |
| 1980 | Gabriella Brum
Germany (resigned) |
Shawn Weatherly
United States |
Lorna Chávez
Costa Rica | |
| Kimberley Santos
Guam | ||||
| 1979 | Gina Swainson
Bermuda |
Maritza Sayalero
Venezuela |
Melanie Marquez
Philippines | |
| 1978 | Silvana Suárez
Argentina |
Margaret Gardiner
South Africa |
Katherine Patricia Ruth
United States | |
| 1977 | Mary Stävin
Sweden |
Janelle Commissiong
Trinidad and Tobago |
Pilar Medina
Spain | |
| 1976 | Cindy Breakspeare
Jamaica |
Rina Messinger
Israel |
Sophie Perin
France | |
| 1975 | Wilnelia Merced
Puerto Rico |
Anne Marie Pohtamo
Finland |
Lidija Manić
Yugoslavia | |
| 1974 | Helen Morgan
United Kingdom (resigned) |
Amparo Muñoz Quesada
Spain (resigned, no replacement) |
Karen Brucene Smith
United States | |
| Anneline Kriel
South Africa | ||||
| 1973 | Marjorie Wallace
United States (dethroned, no replacement) |
Margarita Moran
Philippines |
Anneli Björkling
Finland | |
| 1972 | Belinda Green
Australia |
Kerry Anne Wells
Australia |
Linda Hooks
United Kingdom | |
| 1971 | Lúcia Petterle
Brazil |
Georgina Rizk
Lebanon |
Jane Cheryl Hansen
New Zealand | |
| 1970 | Jennifer Hosten
Grenada |
Marisol Malaret
Puerto Rico |
Aurora Pijuan
Philippines | |
| 1969 | Eva Rueber-Staier
Austria |
Gloria Diaz
Philippines |
Valerie Susan Holmes
United Kingdom | |
| 1968 | Penelope Plummer
Australia |
Martha Vasconcellos
Brazil |
Maria da Glória Carvalho
Brazil | |
| 1967 | Madeline Hartog-Bel
Peru |
Sylvia Hitchcock
United States |
Mirta Teresita Massa
Argentina | |
| 1966 | Reita Faria
India |
Margareta Arvidsson
Sweden |
Canceled | |
| 1965 | Lesley Langley
United Kingdom |
Apasra Hongsakula
Thailand |
Ingrid Finger
Germany | |
| 1964 | Ann Sidney
United Kingdom |
Corinna Tsopei
Greece |
Gemma Cruz
Philippines | |
| 1963 | Carole Crawford
Jamaica |
Ieda Maria Vargas
Brazil |
Guðrún Bjarnadóttir
Iceland | |
| 1962 | Catharina Lodders
Netherlands |
Norma Beatriz Nolan
Argentina |
Tania Verstak
Australia | |
| 1961 | Rosemarie Frankland
United Kingdom |
Marlene Schmidt
Germany |
Stam van Baer
Netherlands | |
| 1960 | Norma Cappagli
Argentina |
Linda Bement
United States |
Stella Márquez
Colombia | |
| 1959 | Corine Rottschäfer
Netherlands |
Akiko Kojima
Japan |
Founded 1960 | |
| 1958 | Penelope Coelen
South Africa |
Luz Marina Zuluaga
Colombia | ||
| 1957 | Marita Lindahl
Finland |
Gladys Zender
Peru | ||
| 1956 | Petra Schürmann
Germany |
Carol Morris
United States | ||
| 1955 | Susana Duijm
Venezuela |
Hillevi Rombin
Sweden | ||
| 1954 | Antigone Costanda
Egypt |
Miriam Stevenson
United States | ||
| 1953 | Denise Perrier
France |
Christiane Martel
France | ||
| 1952 | May Louise Flodin
Sweden |
Armi Kuusela
Finland | ||
| 1951 | Kiki Håkansson
Sweden |
Founded 1952 |
See also[editar]
- List of beauty pageants