Usuario:Lara IaT/subpagina
3HO (Salud, Happy, Holy Organization) (est. 1969) is a non-profit organization and a Organización de las Naciones Unidas affiliated[cita requerida] non-governmental organization dedicated to sharing the teachings of Kundalini Yoga as taught by Yogi Bhajan, founder of the group.
The stated mission of 3HO is to "share the lifestyle, yoga and meditation practices of Kundalini Yoga,"[1] claimed by its practitioners to be the most powerful and accessible form of yoga.[2] This yogic lifestyle practice includes Kundalini yoga, meditation, diet, clean living[3], and yogic philosophy. The 3HO Foundation serves as the central organization for a global community of yoga teachers, students, and everyday people who practice and share the Kundalini yoga and lifestyle teachings[4] of Yogi Bhajan. Their goal—centered and grounded in a philosophy of compassion and kindness—is that they may serve, inspire, and empower humanity to be healthy, happy, and holy.
3HO describes itself as a spiritual community welcoming of all religions and lifestyles. Teaching Kundalini Yoga does not require belief in Sikhism, however many followers of Harbhajan Singh Yogi choose to follow a Sikh way of life. The associated Sikh Dharma movement, based in Española, New Mexico, considers itself a Sikh sangat, and its followers observe the five K's. Men and women each wear large white dastaar. The movement's gender politics are egalitarian.
To support the community of yoga teachers and students, the 3HO Foundation offers on-line resources and events world-wide featuring the teachings of Yogi Bhajan. Twice a year Summer or Winter Solstice Sadhana Celebrations with three days of White Tantric Yoga, Women's Camp, a KRI Teacher Training event, and Sat Nam Rasayan training are all offered.
Beliefs and practices[editar]
3HO describes its practices as based on the yogic technology brought to the Western Hemisphere by Yogi Bhajan.[5] Belief that the coming Aquarian Age shall soon replace the Age of Pisces, heralding in a new era of compassion—for this purpose 5 Aquarian Age Sutras and 7 Steps to Happiness form part of the basis of the philosophy[6]. Through practice of yoga and meditation, habits and subconscious patterns are created or broken over a 40-day period. A nutritional vegetarian diet is served, as meat is forbidden according to 3HO beliefs. Consumption of the trinity roots (garlic, onion, and ginger) is encouraged.[7] The importance of seva and karma yoga, selfless service of others, is also discussed in texts and on the 3HO website.[8]
Critics[editar]
Time Magazine wrote an article critical of 3HO and Yogi Bhajan who created the organization. Their piece, published September 5, 1977 under the title [1]“Yogi Bhajan's Synthetic Sikhism” was supported by Dr. Trilochan Singh a prominent Sikh scholar and historian and followed up with a book titled [2]"Sikhism and Tantric Yoga" (1977) which was highly critical of 3HO, Yogi Bhajan and his yoga techniques calling them unSikh like and "a sacrilegious hodgepodge."
Observations[editar]
3HO is described as a new religious movement within the larger Sikh fold.[9][10][11] Confusion arises from the general association of 3HO, a secular organization, and the Sikh Dharma movement, a religious group also formed by SSS Harbhajan Singh Khalsa Yogiji.
The group was once maligned by a detractor due to the alleged use of coercive tactics, including harassment of former members. A Judge in Santa Fe dismissed the case.[12] All other claims were reportedly settled out of court.[13]
Notes[editar]
- ↑ Peralta, J and Tulabut, E: "Seeking an energy equilibrium", SqueezeOC.com
- ↑ Khalsa, GK: On-line Introduction to Kundalini Yoga
- ↑ SuperHealth SuperHealth Meditations for Addictive Behavior
- ↑ 3HO Lifestyle, Healthy Happy Holy Organization.
- ↑ 3HO Lifestyle, Healthy Happy Holy Organization.
- ↑ Aquarian Age
- ↑ 3HO Lifestyle: Food, Healthy Happy Holy Organization.
- ↑ 3HO Lifestyle: Seva, Healthy Happy Holy Organization.
- ↑ Khalsa, KS: "New Religious Movements Turn to Worldly Success," Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Vol. 25, No. 2.
- ↑ Religious Movements Page: Sikh Dharma, Religious Movements Homepage Project at the University of Virginia.
- ↑ Tobey, A: "The Summer Solstice of the Healthy-Happy-Holy Organization," Charles Y. Glock and Robert N. Bellah, eds., The New Religious Consciousness, pp. 5-30. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- ↑ Ofshe, R: Mark Baker vs. Sikh Dharma Dismissed Rick A. Ross Institute.
- ↑ Anonymous: Yogi Bologna Rick A. Ross Institute.
Further reading[editar]
- Elsberg, Constance. Graceful Women: Gender and Identity in an American Sikh Community. University of Tennessee Press, 2006.
- Laue, Thorsten. Kundalini Yoga, Yogi Tee und das Wassermannzeitalter. Bibliografische Einblicke in die Healthy, Happy, Holy Organization (3HO) des Yogi Bhajan. Tübingen, 2008. [in German]
- Laue, Thorsten. Kundalini Yoga, Yogi Tee und das Wassermannzeitalter. Religionswissenschaftliche Einblicke in die Healthy, Happy, Holy Organization (3HO) des Yogi Bhajan. Münster, 2007. [in German]
External links[editar]
- 3HO Foundation - 3HO
- Kudanlini Research Institute - KRI
- International Kundalini Yoga Teachers Association - IKYTA
- White Tantric Yoga - Worldwide group yogic meditations and events
- Sat Nam Rasayan - Guru Dev Singh Khalsa, Master of Sat Nam Rasayan
Detractors[editar]
- rickross.com - Cult consultant Rick Ross alleges the 3HO is a classic example of a cult.
- Freedom of Mind Center
[[Categoría:Non-profit organizations based in the United States] [[Categoría:Organizations established in 1969] [[Categoría:Religious organizations] [[Categoría:Sikh groups and sects] [[Categoría:Yoga organizations]