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Fan

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Un fan (en plural: fanes​), simpatizante, aficionado, seguidor, admirador o fanático es una persona que siente gusto y entusiasmo por algo. El término se utiliza en particular en el deporte y el arte, para referirse a admiradores de una persona, grupo, equipo u obra. Los fanes de algo o alguien constituyen el fandom de la persona o cosa que se admira. A veces demuestran su afición siendo miembros de un club de fanes, creando fanzines, promoviendo lo que les interesa, o de otras maneras más.

Etimología

La palabra fan se refiere a la del inglés "fan", un acortamiento de la palabra completa "fanatic". Fanático es la traducción directa. Fanático proviene del latín moderno fanaticus. La palabra originalmente pertenecía a un templo o espacio sagrado (en latín, fanum).

Merriam-Webster, the Oxford dictionary and other sources define "fan" as a shortened version of the word fanatic. Fanatic itself, introduced into English around 1550, means "marked by excessive enthusiasm and often intense uncritical devotion". It comes from the Modern Latin fanaticus, meaning "insanely but divinely inspired". The word originally pertained to a temple or sacred place [Latin fanum, poetic English fane]. The modern sense of "extremely zealous" dates from around 1647; the use of fanatic as a noun dates from 1650. However, the term "fancy" for an intense liking of something (a usage attested by 1545), while being of a different etymology, coincidentally carries a less intense but somewhat similar connotation to "fanatic". Use of "the fancy" to mean avid sports enthusiasts emerged as an Americanism in the mid-19th C. The Dickson Baseball Dictionary cites William Henry Nugent's work asserting that it was derived from the fancy, a term referring to the fans of a specific hobby or sport from the early 18th century to the 19th, especially to the followers of boxing. According to that theory, it was originally shortened to fance then just to the homonym fans.^{[failed verification]} The Great American Baseball Scrapbook attributes the term to Chris Von der Ahe, owner of the Saint Louis Brown Stockings in 1882. Von der Ahe sold tickets for 25 cents, hoping the many patrons would purchase his beer; the low ticket price helped him lead the stats in attendance. He called the fanatics filling his stands "fans".

Supporter is a synonym to "fan" that predates the latter term and is still commonly used in British English, especially to denote fans of sports teams. However, the term "fan" has become popular throughout the English-speaking world, including the United Kingdom. The term supporter is also used in a political sense in the United States, to a fan of a politician, a political party, and a controversial issue.

Características

Los fanes suelen tener un interés lo suficientemente fuerte para provocar algunos cambios en sus propias vidas de acuerdo a su admiración por el objeto focal. LOs fanes tienen un deseo por participación externa, es decir, están motivados a demonstrar su participación activa en su área de interés a través de comportamientos específicos (yendo a convenciones, publicando en línea, exhibiendo pancartas de equipos en sus casas, etc.). Los fanes usualmente tienen un "deseo de adquirir" objetos tangibles relacionados a su área de interés, como por ejemplo un bate utilizado por un jugador famoso o una púa o uña de guitarra de su héroe musical. De igual manera, algunos fanes desean tener relaciones sociales con otros fanes. Esto también puede representarse en muchas maneras, desde conversaciones casuales, correos electrónicos, y salas de chat hasta reuniones en persona como parte de un "fan clubs" y convenciones organizadas.

Hay varios grupos de games cuyos se pueden diferenciar de acuerdo del nivel de intensidad de su participación o interés en el pasatiempo (nivel de fanatismo)​. La probabilidad de que se eleve un tema o contenido de interés al nivel de fandom parece ser dictado por su complejidad. Esta complejidad permite aún más la participación de los fanes por un tiempo prolongado debido a que el tiempo en el

Fans usually have a strong enough interest that some changes in their lifestyles are made to accommodate devotion to the focal object. Fans have a desire for external involvement – they are motivated to demonstrate their involvement with the area of interest through certain behaviors (attending conventions, posting online, displaying team banners outside their homes, etc.). Fans often have a "wish to acquire" material objects related to the area of interest, such as a baseball hit by a famous slugger or a used guitar pick from their musical hero. As well, some fans have a desire for social interaction with other fans. This again may take many forms, from casual conversation, e-mail, chat rooms, and electronic mailing lists to regular face-to-face meetings such as fan club meetings and organized conventions.

There are several groups of fans that can be differentiated by the intensity level of their level of involvement or interest in the hobby (level of fanaticism) The likelihood for a subject of interest to be elevated to the level of fandom appears to be dictated by its complexity. Complexity allows further involvement of fans for a longer period of time because of the time needed to work the subject of interest 'out.' It also contributes to a greater sense of belonging because of the mental effort invested in the subject.^{[citation needed]}

• Fan: Es una persona que siente admiración (por una obra de ficción, cantantes, series, películas, deportes, etc.) y que se hace llamar como un fan o admirador.
• Fans Hardcore: Son personas que se dedican a defender a sus ídolos y criticar sin argumentos a otros que poseen ideas distintas, a veces llegando a la agresión verbal o psicológica. Un ejemplo de fandom polémico americano con fans hardcore es el de una serie animada para adultos titulada Rick & Morty, cuyos fanes de Estados Unidos se movilizaron para conseguir la salsa Schezhuan (1998) de McDonald's que habían visto en la serie.
• Fanboys / Fangirls: Hombres fan/mujeres fan.

Fans: the Mirror of Consumption (2005) by Cornel Sandvoss

References (SOME NEED REVISION)

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• Tucker, Bob. The Neo-Fan's Guide To Science Fiction Fandom. 8th Edition, 1996. KaCSFFS Press. No ISBN listed.