Diferencia entre revisiones de «Organización social»
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| ⚫ | chink es putode Sistemas'' ISBN 9788460793045]</ref> en virtud de que mantienen determinadas relaciones sociales con el fin de obtener ciertos objetivos. También puede definirse en un sentido más estrecho como cualquier institución en una sociedad que trabaja para socializar a los grupos o gente que pertenece a ellos. |
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Algunos ejemplos de esto incluyen [[educación]], [[gobierno]]s, [[familia]]s, sistemas económicos, religiones, [[comunidad]]es y cualquier persona o grupo de personas con las que se tenga una interacción. Se trata de una esfera de vida social más amplia que se organiza para satisfacer necesidades humanas. |
Algunos ejemplos de esto incluyen [[educación]], [[gobierno]]s, [[familia]]s, sistemas económicos, religiones, [[comunidad]]es y cualquier persona o grupo de personas con las que se tenga una interacción. Se trata de una esfera de vida social más amplia que se organiza para satisfacer necesidades humanas. |
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==Organization vs. institution== |
==Organization vs. institution== |
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The term organization is in sociology sometimes used interchangeably with the term institution, as when referring to a formal organization like a hospital or a prison. In other parts of sociology, such as the [[sociology of organizations]] and especially [[new institutionalism]] (also new [[institutional economics]] in economics and [[historical institutionalism]] in political science), 'organization' and 'institution' refer to two different phenomena. Organizations are a group of individuals pursuing a set of collective goals with established roles, methods of coordination, procedures, culture and space (Jonnsson, 2007). Organizations can include political bodies (political parties, Congress, Department of Corrections), social groups (churches, clubs, athletic associations), economic bodies (unions, cooperatives, corporations), and educational bodies (schools, training centers, colleges) (North, 1990). Institutions are ideas about how something should be done, look or be constituted in order to be viewed as legitimate. Institutions can be defined as a “stable collection of social practices consisting of easily recognized roles coupled with underlying norms and a set of rules or conventions defining appropriate behavior for, and governing relations among, occupants of these roles,” (Jonsson, 2007, p. 5). Institutions provide structure, guidelines for behavior and shape human interaction (Martin, 2004; North, 1990; Scott, 1995). Institutions are also characterized by social practices that reoccur or are repeated over time by members of a group (Martin). Institutions may or may not involve organizations. The issue is complicated by the fact that one may talk of institutions that govern organizations and the organization as an institution.--> |
The term organization is in sociology sometimes used interchangeably with the term institution, as when referring to a formal organization like a hospital or a prison. In other parts of sociology, such as the [[sociology of organizations]] and especially [[new institutionalism]] (also new [[institutional economics]] in economics and [[historical institutionalism]] in political science), 'organization' and 'institution' refer to two different phenomena. Organizations are a group of individuals pursuing a set of collective goals with established roles, methods of coordination, procedures, culture and space (Jonnsson, 2007). Organizations can include political bodies (political parties, Congress, Department of Corrections), social groups (churches, clubs, athletic associations), economic bodies (unions, cooperatives, corporations), and educational bodies (schools, training centers, colleges) (North, 1990). Institutions are ideas about how something should be done, look or be constituted in order to be viewed as legitimate. Institutions can be defined as a “stable collection of social practices consisting of easily recognized roles coupled with underlying norms and a set of rules or conventions defining appropriate behavior for, and governing relations among, occupants of these roles,” (Jonsson, 2007, p. 5). Institutions provide structure, guidelines for behavior and shape human interaction (Martin, 2004; North, 1990; Scott, 1995). Institutions are also characterized by social practices that reoccur or are repeated over time by members of a group (Martin). Institutions may or may not involve organizations. The issue is complicated by the fact that one may talk of institutions that govern organizations and the organization as an institution.--> |
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== Referencias == |
== Referencias == |
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Revisión del 16:36 21 feb 2018
chink es putode Sistemas ISBN 9788460793045]</ref> en virtud de que mantienen determinadas relaciones sociales con el fin de obtener ciertos objetivos. También puede definirse en un sentido más estrecho como cualquier institución en una sociedad que trabaja para socializar a los grupos o gente que pertenece a ellos.
Algunos ejemplos de esto incluyen educación, gobiernos, familias, sistemas económicos, religiones, comunidades y cualquier persona o grupo de personas con las que se tenga una interacción. Se trata de una esfera de vida social más amplia que se organiza para satisfacer necesidades humanas.
Las organizaciones sociales pueden tomar varias formas dependiendo del contexto social. Por ejemplo para el núcleo familiar, la organización correspondiente es la familia más extendida. En el contexto de los negocios, una organización social puede ser una empresa, corporación, etc. En el contexto educativo, puede ser una escuela, universidad, etc. En el contexto político puede ser un gobierno o partido político. Comúnmente, los expertos en el tema reconocen cinco instituciones existentes en todas las civilizaciones existentes hasta ahora: gobierno, religión, educación, economía y familia.
Referencias
Bibliografía
- Jonsson, C. 2008. Organization, institution and process: Three approaches to the study of international organization. Prepared for ACUNS 20th Annual Meeting, esperanza, 6-8 June, 2007.Ver
- Martin, P.Y. (2004). Gender as a social institution. Social Forces, 82, 1249-1273.
- Martina F.W. R (2003). Institutions in organizations.
- North, D.C. (1990). Institutions, institutional change and economic performance. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Scott, W.R. (1995). Institutions in organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
- Edward,H.C. (1995). ferderaciones internacionales públicas